<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">managementranepa</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Управленческое консультирование</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Administrative Consulting</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1726-1139</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1816-8590</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. North-West Institute of Management.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/1726-1139-2020-7-20-31</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">managementranepa-1462</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ: ОПЫТ РОССИИ И КИТАЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TOPICAL ISSUES OF MODERN SOCIAL POLICY: EXPERIENCE OF RUSSIA AND CHINA</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The Social Credit System of the People’s Republic of China through the Eyes of Foreign Researchers</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Social Credit System of the People’s Republic of China through the Eyes of Foreign Researchers</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Байер</surname><given-names>Ю. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bayer</surname><given-names>Ju. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Байер Юлия Паулевна, доцент кафедры социальных технологий, кандидат социологических наук, доцент</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Julia P. Bayer, Associate Professor, PhD in Sociology</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bayer-yp@ranepa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyeva</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васильева Валерия Алексеевна, заместитель начальника Информационно-библиотечного управления</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeria A. Vasilyeva, Deputy Head of the Information and Library Department</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vasileva-va@ranepa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ветренко</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vetrenko</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ветренко Инна Александровна, заведующий кафедрой социальных технологий, доктор политических наук, профессор</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Inna A. Vetrenko, Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Social Technologies</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vetrenko-ia@ranepa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации (Северо-Западный институт управления РАНХиГС)</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (North-West Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>20</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Байер Ю.П., Васильева В.А., Ветренко И.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Байер Ю.П., Васильева В.А., Ветренко И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bayer J.Р., Vasilyeva V.A., Vetrenko I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.acjournal.ru/jour/article/view/1462">https://www.acjournal.ru/jour/article/view/1462</self-uri><abstract><p>.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of this article is to identify and analyze the ideas currently available in world science and practice among foreign researchers on the Social Credit System (SCS). The article analyzes the basic principles of SCS, which allowed us to draw the following conclusions: the social credit system for China is very close to ours mentally and historically, it fits well with the management paradigm based on the principles of Confucianism and Taoism, its main task is to promote the formation of citizens’ behavior based on openness, following rituals.</p><p>The main conclusions are made, such as the fact that this system allows you to put into practice the principle of the golden mean, that the application of SCS will contribute to the formation of citizens’ behavior on the basis of openness, following rituals and the desire for peace of mind. The formation of the population’s habit of living in the context of SCS, as the authors believe, will help to increase the sincerity of life. An analysis of the materials of foreign researchers was carried out in the article, which gave reason to conclude that the social credit system, launched in China, so far scares the rest of the world. In this regard, the article discusses the five main fears associated with SCS, as well as the five advantages of introducing this system, draws conclusions, and develops recommendations.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>social credit</kwd><kwd>social trust</kwd><kwd>social management</kwd><kwd>social control</kwd><kwd>social credit system</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beloborodov D. V. Legal features of the fiduciary rating of individuals and the prospects for its use in the penal system // Bulletin of the Samara Law Institute [Vestnik Samarskogo yuridicheskogo instituta]. 2018. N 2 (28). Р. 9–14. (In rus)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beloborodov D. V. Legal features of the fiduciary rating of individuals and the prospects for its use in the penal system // Bulletin of the Samara Law Institute [Vestnik Samarskogo yuridicheskogo instituta]. 2018. N 2 (28). Р. 9–14. (In rus)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bespalko A. A. On the issue of criticism of the social credit system // Systems and Management [Systemy i Management]. 2019. Vol. 1. N 2. Р. 72–80. (In rus)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bespalko A. A. On the issue of criticism of the social credit system // Systems and Management [Systemy i Management]. 2019. Vol. 1. N 2. Р. 72–80. (In rus)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boyarkina A. V. The ideas of Confucianism in the state ideology of the PRC // Russia and Asia-Pacific [Rossiya i ATR]. 2011. N 4. Р. 127–136. (In rus)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boyarkina A. V. The ideas of Confucianism in the state ideology of the PRC // Russia and Asia-Pacific [Rossiya i ATR]. 2011. N 4. Р. 127–136. (In rus)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burilina M. A. The methodology of the formation of artificial societies on the example of social credit // Artificial societies [Iskusstvennye obshchestva]. 2019.Vol. 14. N 2. Р. 4. (In rus)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burilina M. A. The methodology of the formation of artificial societies on the example of social credit // Artificial societies [Iskusstvennye obshchestva]. 2019.Vol. 14. N 2. Р. 4. (In rus)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bilyeva D. S. Control as a new function of information and communication technologies // Fourth Industrial Revolution: realities and modern challenges. X anniversary St. Petersburg sociological readings. Collection of materials of the International Scientific Conference. 2018. Р. 21–24. (In rus)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bilyeva D. S. Control as a new function of information and communication technologies // Fourth Industrial Revolution: realities and modern challenges. X anniversary St. Petersburg sociological readings. Collection of materials of the International Scientific Conference. 2018. Р. 21–24. (In rus)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Galiullina S. D. Social credit system in China as an element of the digital future / Galiullina S. D., Bresler M. G., Muleymanov A. R., Rabogoshvili A. A., Bayramgulova N. N. // Bulletin of the Ufa State Oil Technical University. Science, education, economics. Series: economics [Vestnik Ufimskogo gosudarstvennogo neftyanogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. Nauka, obrazovanie, ekonomika. Seriya: ekonomika]. 2018. N 4 (26). Р. 114–121. (In rus)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Galiullina S. D. Social credit system in China as an element of the digital future / Galiullina S. D., Bresler M. G., Muleymanov A. R., Rabogoshvili A. A., Bayramgulova N. N. // Bulletin of the Ufa State Oil Technical University. Science, education, economics. Series: economics [Vestnik Ufimskogo gosudarstvennogo neftyanogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. Nauka, obrazovanie, ekonomika. Seriya: ekonomika]. 2018. N 4 (26). Р. 114–121. (In rus)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grigorenko O. V., Zhulev F. S. The credit of social trust or how China “wrote off” from Orwell // Actual problems of the humanities and socio-economic sciences. Collection of scientific papers of the Institute of Innovative Technologies and Public Administration FSBEI VL “MIREA — Russian Technological University”. M., 2019. Р. 59–66. (In rus)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grigorenko O. V., Zhulev F. S. The credit of social trust or how China “wrote off” from Orwell // Actual problems of the humanities and socio-economic sciences. Collection of scientific papers of the Institute of Innovative Technologies and Public Administration FSBEI VL “MIREA — Russian Technological University”. M., 2019. Р. 59–66. (In rus)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Danilin P. N., Khilko I. Yu. The history of development and the prospects of introducing a system of social credit (rating) in the People’s Republic of China and the Russian Federation // Eurasian Law Journal [Evraziiskii yuridicheskii zhurnal]. 2018. Vol. 123. N 8. Р. 48–50. (In rus)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Danilin P. N., Khilko I. Yu. The history of development and the prospects of introducing a system of social credit (rating) in the People’s Republic of China and the Russian Federation // Eurasian Law Journal [Evraziiskii yuridicheskii zhurnal]. 2018. Vol. 123. N 8. Р. 48–50. (In rus)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chinese civilization in a globalizing world. Based on the materials of the conference. In 2 vols. / Ans. ed. V. G. Khoros. Vol. 1. M. : Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2014. (In rus)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chinese civilization in a globalizing world. Based on the materials of the conference. In 2 vols. / Ans. ed. V. G. Khoros. Vol. 1. M. : Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2014. (In rus)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kovalich L. Big brother 2.0. How China is building a digital dictatorship. The Carnegie Moscow Center [Electronic resource]. URL: https://carnegie.ru/commentary/71546 (accessed: 28.01.2020). (In rus)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kovalich L. Big brother 2.0. How China is building a digital dictatorship. The Carnegie Moscow Center [Electronic resource]. URL: https://carnegie.ru/commentary/71546 (accessed: 28.01.2020). (In rus)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kondrashova L. I. Chinese dream of national revival. M. : Institute of Economics, RAS, 2014. (In rus)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kondrashova L. I. Chinese dream of national revival. M. : Institute of Economics, RAS, 2014. (In rus)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pashkovskaya I. V., Valentseva N. I. Development of a reputation scoring system based on the example of China and Russia // Bulletin of Eurasian Science [Vestnik Evraziiskoi nauki]. 2019. N 2. (In rus)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pashkovskaya I. V., Valentseva N. I. Development of a reputation scoring system based on the example of China and Russia // Bulletin of Eurasian Science [Vestnik Evraziiskoi nauki]. 2019. N 2. (In rus)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burnt A. Р. Russian ideology: a search among alternatives // Scientific Thought [Nauchnaya mysl’]. 2016. N 1 (19). Р. 26–32. (In rus)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burnt A. Р. Russian ideology: a search among alternatives // Scientific Thought [Nauchnaya mysl’]. 2016. N 1 (19). Р. 26–32. (In rus)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Razumov E. A. Digital dictatorship: features of the social credit system in the People’s Republic of China // Proceedings of the Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences [Trudy instituta istorii, arkheologii i etnografii DVO RAN]. 2009. Vol. 24, N 3. Р. 86–97. (In rus)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Razumov E. A. Digital dictatorship: features of the social credit system in the People’s Republic of China // Proceedings of the Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences [Trudy instituta istorii, arkheologii i etnografii DVO RAN]. 2009. Vol. 24, N 3. Р. 86–97. (In rus)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rinchinov A. B. “Chinese Dream” by Xi Jinping in the Context of the National Construction of the Peoples Republic of China // Bulletin of the Trans-Baikal State University [Vestnik Zabaikal’skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta]. 2018. Vol. 24. N 6. Р. 89–94. (In rus)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rinchinov A. B. “Chinese Dream” by Xi Jinping in the Context of the National Construction of the Peoples Republic of China // Bulletin of the Trans-Baikal State University [Vestnik Zabaikal’skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta]. 2018. Vol. 24. N 6. Р. 89–94. (In rus)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Social mobility. Pitirim Sorokin. Translation from English by M. V. Sokolova. M. : Academia, LVS, 2005. (In rus)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Social mobility. Pitirim Sorokin. Translation from English by M. V. Sokolova. M. : Academia, LVS, 2005. (In rus)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Timofeeva E. A. Expected results, problems and risks of implementation in the PRC “System of social credit” // Academy of Law and Economics [Akademiya prava i ekonomiki]. 2018. N 3 (7). Р. 22–25. (In rus)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Timofeeva E. A. Expected results, problems and risks of implementation in the PRC “System of social credit” // Academy of Law and Economics [Akademiya prava i ekonomiki]. 2018. N 3 (7). Р. 22–25. (In rus)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bolt J. Social Credit Score // Institute of Public Affairs Review. 2018. Vol. 70. N 3. Р. 66.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bolt J. Social Credit Score // Institute of Public Affairs Review. 2018. Vol. 70. N 3. Р. 66.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Botsman R. Big data meets Big Brother as China moves to rate its citizens [Electronic resourse]. URL: https://www.wired.co.uk/article/chinese-government-social-credit-score-privacy-invasion (accessed: 28.01.2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Botsman R. Big data meets Big Brother as China moves to rate its citizens [Electronic resourse]. URL: https://www.wired.co.uk/article/chinese-government-social-credit-score-privacy-invasion (accessed: 28.01.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Creemers R. Disrupting the Chinese State: New Actors and New Factors // Asiascape: Digital Asia. 2018. N 3 (5). Р. 169–197.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Creemers R. Disrupting the Chinese State: New Actors and New Factors // Asiascape: Digital Asia. 2018. N 3 (5). Р. 169–197.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dai, X. Toward a Reputation State: The Social Credit System Project of China. 2018 [Electronic resourse]. URL: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3193577 (accessed: 28.01.2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dai, X. Toward a Reputation State: The Social Credit System Project of China. 2018 [Electronic resourse]. URL: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3193577 (accessed: 28.01.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Diab R. S. Becoming-Infrastructure: Datafication, Deactivation, and the Social Credit System // Journal of Critical Library and Information Studies. 2017. N 1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Diab R. S. Becoming-Infrastructure: Datafication, Deactivation, and the Social Credit System // Journal of Critical Library and Information Studies. 2017. N 1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Domingo-Ferrer J. Privacy-preserving and co-utile distributed social credit. In: Brankovic L., Ryan J., Smyth W. (eds) Combinatorial Algorithms. IWOCA 2017. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 10765. Springer, Cham Combinatorial Algorithms. 2018. Р. 371–382.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Domingo-Ferrer J. Privacy-preserving and co-utile distributed social credit. In: Brankovic L., Ryan J., Smyth W. (eds) Combinatorial Algorithms. IWOCA 2017. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 10765. Springer, Cham Combinatorial Algorithms. 2018. Р. 371–382.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Engelmann, S., Chen, M., Felix Fischer, F., Kao, Р., Grossklags, J. Clear Sanctions, Vague Rewards: How China’s Social Credit System Currently Defines “Good” and “Bad” Behavior. In Proceedings of the Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (FAT* ’19). Association for Computing Machinery. New York, 2019. Р. 69–78.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Engelmann, S., Chen, M., Felix Fischer, F., Kao, Р., Grossklags, J. Clear Sanctions, Vague Rewards: How China’s Social Credit System Currently Defines “Good” and “Bad” Behavior. In Proceedings of the Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (FAT* ’19). Association for Computing Machinery. New York, 2019. Р. 69–78.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fan W. [at al]. A framework for automatic collection and updating of “Honor &amp; Black» list based on big data // IEEE 4th International Conference on Cloud Computing and Big Data Analysis (ICCCBDA), Chengdu, China, 2019. Р. 472–476.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fan W. [at al]. A framework for automatic collection and updating of “Honor &amp; Black» list based on big data // IEEE 4th International Conference on Cloud Computing and Big Data Analysis (ICCCBDA), Chengdu, China, 2019. Р. 472–476.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jiang M., Fu K.-W. Chinese Social Media and Big Data: Big Data, Big Brother, Big Profit? // Policy and Internet. 2018. N 4 (10). Р. 372–392.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jiang M., Fu K.-W. Chinese Social Media and Big Data: Big Data, Big Brother, Big Profit? // Policy and Internet. 2018. N 4 (10). Р. 372–392.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Han J. The Meaning and Extension of Social Credit System // China’s Reform Daily. 2014. July</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Han J. The Meaning and Extension of Social Credit System // China’s Reform Daily. 2014. July</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">[Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.crd.net.cn/2014-07/28/content_12207041.htm (accessed: 28.01.2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">[Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.crd.net.cn/2014-07/28/content_12207041.htm (accessed: 28.01.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hoffman, S. Managing the State: Social Credit, Surveillance and the CCP’s Plan for China // China Brief Volume. 2017. Vol. 17. N 11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hoffman, S. Managing the State: Social Credit, Surveillance and the CCP’s Plan for China // China Brief Volume. 2017. Vol. 17. N 11.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kasl F. Surveillance in digitalized society: The chinese social credit system from a European perspective // Lawyer Quarterly. 2019. N 4 (9). Р. 349–358.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kasl F. Surveillance in digitalized society: The chinese social credit system from a European perspective // Lawyer Quarterly. 2019. N 4 (9). Р. 349–358.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Keane M., Su G. When push comes to nudge: a Chinese digital civilisation in-the-making // Media International Australia. 2019. N 1 (173). Р. 3–16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keane M., Su G. When push comes to nudge: a Chinese digital civilisation in-the-making // Media International Australia. 2019. N 1 (173). Р. 3–16.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kostka, G. China’s social credit systems and public opinion: Explaining high levels of approval // New Media &amp; Society. 2019. N 21 (7), Р. 1565–1593.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kostka, G. China’s social credit systems and public opinion: Explaining high levels of approval // New Media &amp; Society. 2019. N 21 (7), Р. 1565–1593.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Laband, J. How Can Individuals, Companies Be Limited by Bad Social Credit in China? // China Business Review, Feb. 2017 [Electronic resourse]. URL: https://www.chinabusiness-review.com/how-can-individuals-companies-be-limited-by-bad-social-credit-in-china/ (accessed: 28.01.2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Laband, J. How Can Individuals, Companies Be Limited by Bad Social Credit in China? // China Business Review, Feb. 2017 [Electronic resourse]. URL: https://www.chinabusiness-review.com/how-can-individuals-companies-be-limited-by-bad-social-credit-in-china/ (accessed: 28.01.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee Р. S. Datafication, dataveillance, and the social credit system as China’s new normal // Online Information Review. 2019. N 6 (43). Р. 952–970.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee Р. S. Datafication, dataveillance, and the social credit system as China’s new normal // Online Information Review. 2019. N 6 (43). Р. 952–970.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee J. W. Your life is number // Psychology today. 2019. N 7–8. С.72–81.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee J. W. Your life is number // Psychology today. 2019. N 7–8. С.72–81.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li J. H. Service innovation research in China: Past, present and future // Journal of Science and Technology Policy in China. 2012. Vol. 3. N 1. Р. 68–91.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li J. H. Service innovation research in China: Past, present and future // Journal of Science and Technology Policy in China. 2012. Vol. 3. N 1. Р. 68–91.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liang F., Das V., Kostyuk N., Hussain M. M. Constructing a Data Driven Society: China’s Social Credit System as a State Surveillance Infrastructure // Policy &amp; Internet. 2018. N 4 (10). Р. 415–453.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liang F., Das V., Kostyuk N., Hussain M. M. Constructing a Data Driven Society: China’s Social Credit System as a State Surveillance Infrastructure // Policy &amp; Internet. 2018. N 4 (10). Р. 415–453.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mistreanu S. Life Inside China’s Social Credit Laboratory [Electronic resourse]. URL: http://for-eignpolicy.com/2018/04/03/life-inside-chinas-social-credit-laboratory/ (accessed: 28.01.2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mistreanu S. Life Inside China’s Social Credit Laboratory [Electronic resourse]. URL: http://for-eignpolicy.com/2018/04/03/life-inside-chinas-social-credit-laboratory/ (accessed: 28.01.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Orwell’s Nightmare: China’s Social Credit System // The Asan Institute for Policy Studies. 2017 [Electronic resourse]. URL: http://en.asaninst.org/contents/orwells-nightmare-chinas-social-credit-system/ (accessed: 28.01.2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Orwell’s Nightmare: China’s Social Credit System // The Asan Institute for Policy Studies. 2017 [Electronic resourse]. URL: http://en.asaninst.org/contents/orwells-nightmare-chinas-social-credit-system/ (accessed: 28.01.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Qi, M. Problems of Building a Social Credit System and A Way-out // Modern Management Studies (Xiandai guanli kexue). 2016. N 10. Р. 76–78.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Qi, M. Problems of Building a Social Credit System and A Way-out // Modern Management Studies (Xiandai guanli kexue). 2016. N 10. Р. 76–78.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ramadan Z. The gamification of trust: the case of China’s “social credit” // Marketing Intelligence and Planning. 2018. N 1 (36). Р. 93–107.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ramadan Z. The gamification of trust: the case of China’s “social credit” // Marketing Intelligence and Planning. 2018. N 1 (36). Р. 93–107.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ruan L., Tian, D. A research of trust based on e-commerce // Proceedings of the International Symposium on Electronic Commerce and Security. ISECS 2008. Р. 776–779.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ruan L., Tian, D. A research of trust based on e-commerce // Proceedings of the International Symposium on Electronic Commerce and Security. ISECS 2008. Р. 776–779.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sazonets I. L., Hanin I. G., Ryabokon M. V., Pikalov Y. V. Efficiency of digital public administration system in the course of implementing the innovative potential of national economy // Journal of Social Sciences Research. 2018. Special Is. Р. 542–548.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sazonets I. L., Hanin I. G., Ryabokon M. V., Pikalov Y. V. Efficiency of digital public administration system in the course of implementing the innovative potential of national economy // Journal of Social Sciences Research. 2018. Special Is. Р. 542–548.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sui S.-X., Wang P.-Y. 2006. Constructing of Social Credit System in Chinese Market Economy Demands Essential Functions of the Administration for Industry and Commerce // 2006 International Conference on Management Science and Engineering, Lille, 2006. Р. 2245–2249.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sui S.-X., Wang P.-Y. 2006. Constructing of Social Credit System in Chinese Market Economy Demands Essential Functions of the Administration for Industry and Commerce // 2006 International Conference on Management Science and Engineering, Lille, 2006. Р. 2245–2249.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xavier M. A. S., Ferreira F. A. F., Esperança J. Р. An intuition-based evaluation framework for social credit applications // Annals of Operations Research. 2018 [Electronic resourse]. URL: https://idp.nwipa.ru:2188/10.1007/s10479-018-2995-8 (accessed: 28.01.2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xavier M. A. S., Ferreira F. A. F., Esperança J. Р. An intuition-based evaluation framework for social credit applications // Annals of Operations Research. 2018 [Electronic resourse]. URL: https://idp.nwipa.ru:2188/10.1007/s10479-018-2995-8 (accessed: 28.01.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xu D., Ma J., Xu J. Structuring China business credit management system and relevant characteristic variables based on the tree model // International Journal of Information Systems and Supply Chain Management. 2019. N 2 (12). Р. 22–35.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xu D., Ma J., Xu J. Structuring China business credit management system and relevant characteristic variables based on the tree model // International Journal of Information Systems and Supply Chain Management. 2019. N 2 (12). Р. 22–35.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yanying Z., Qian Y. College students’ behaviors of net loans: Status, problems and countermeasures-based on 486 questionnaires of 6 universities // Proceedings of the 2018 9th International Conference on E-business, Management and Economics. 2018. Р. 86–90.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yanying Z., Qian Y. College students’ behaviors of net loans: Status, problems and countermeasures-based on 486 questionnaires of 6 universities // Proceedings of the 2018 9th International Conference on E-business, Management and Economics. 2018. Р. 86–90.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yeoh E. K.-K. Brave new world meets nineteen eighty-four in a new golden age: On the passing of Liu Xiaobo, advent of big data, and resurgence of China as world power // Contemporary Chinese Political Economy and Strategic Relations. 2018. N 2 (4). Р. 593–764.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yeoh E. K.-K. Brave new world meets nineteen eighty-four in a new golden age: On the passing of Liu Xiaobo, advent of big data, and resurgence of China as world power // Contemporary Chinese Political Economy and Strategic Relations. 2018. N 2 (4). Р. 593–764.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yuval N. H. 21 Lessons for the 21st Century. London, Vintage, 2019. Р. 93–98.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yuval N. H. 21 Lessons for the 21st Century. London, Vintage, 2019. Р. 93–98.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
