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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">managementranepa</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Управленческое консультирование</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Administrative Consulting</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1726-1139</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1816-8590</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. North-West Institute of Management.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/1726-1139-2021-5-32-44</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">managementranepa-1694</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОЛИТИКА И ПРАВОВОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POLICY AND CONSTITUTIONAL STATE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Права человека: от теории — к политике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Human Rights: From Theory to Politics</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кугай</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kugay</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кугай Александр Иванович, профессор кафедры государственного и муниципального управления; доктор философских наук, профессор</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander I. Kugay, Professor of the Chair</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Kugay3@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации (Северо-Западный институт управления РАНХиГС)</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (North-West Institute of Management of RANEPA)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>32</fpage><lpage>44</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кугай А.И., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кугай А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kugay A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.acjournal.ru/jour/article/view/1694">https://www.acjournal.ru/jour/article/view/1694</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья обращается к правам человека в ракурсах определения их концептуальных оснований, рассмотрения как элемента геополитики и контекстно-ориентированного подхода к их обеспечению. Признание достоинства человеческой личности — главное, на чем базируется концепция прав человека. Идея человеческого достоинства проявляется в равном статусе каждого человека и выражается в том, что при рождении каждый человек становится членом корпоративного органа человечества. С этой точки зрения любая попытка лишить человека его «врожденной» корпоративной идентичности как члена человечества является именно тем, что представляет собой нарушение прав человека. В то же время, следует отделять практику от риторики. На уровне политической практики история прав человека, как и во времена Локка, сохраняет все признаки социального неравенства, остается историей прочерчивания границ прав одних социальных групп, слоев и народов за счет ограничения других. Отождествление сущности прав человека с западной культурой отрицает возможность для других культур иметь те самые права. подтверждая, что те, кто не является частью западной культуры, исключены из радара прав человека. Соответственно, наиболее продуктивным в теории и практике обеспечения прав человека выступает контекстно-ориентированный подход, предусматривающий привлечение к диалогу представителей разных культур, которые не обязательно разделяют одинаковое понимание этики прав человека, выступая контекстно-зависимой универсальностью.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article addresses human rights from the perspectives of defining their conceptual foundations, considering them as an element of geopolitics and a context-oriented approach to ensuring them. The recognition of the dignity of the human person — the main thing, on what is based the concept of human rights. The idea of human dignity manifests itself in the equal status of each person and is expressed in the fact that at birth each person becomes a member of the corporate body of humanity. From this point of view, any attempt to deprive a person of his “innate” corporate identity as a member of humanity is precisely what constitutes a violation of human rights. At the same time, practice should be separated from rhetoric. At the level of political practice, the history of human rights, as in the time of Locke, retains all the signs of social inequality, remains the history of drawing the boundaries of the rights of some social groups, strata and peoples at the expense of limiting others. Identifying the essence of human rights with Western culture denies the possibility for other cultures to have the same rights. Affirming that those who are not part of Western culture are excluded from the human rights radar. Accordingly, the most productive approach in the theory and practice of ensuring human rights is the context-oriented approach, which involves representatives of different cultures in the dialogue, who do not necessarily share the same understanding of human rights ethics, acting as a context-dependent universality.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>права человека</kwd><kwd>человеческое достоинство</kwd><kwd>свобода</kwd><kwd>насилие</kwd><kwd>«гуманитарная интервенция»</kwd><kwd>свобода слова</kwd><kwd>двойные стандарты</kwd><kwd>контекстно-ориентированный подход</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>human rights</kwd><kwd>human dignity</kwd><kwd>freedom</kwd><kwd>violence</kwd><kwd>“humanitarian intervention”</kwd><kwd>freedom of speech</kwd><kwd>double standards</kwd><kwd>context-based approach</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аристотель. 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