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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">managementranepa</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Управленческое консультирование</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Administrative Consulting</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1726-1139</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1816-8590</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. North-West Institute of Management.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/1726-1139-2023-2-122-131</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">managementranepa-2196</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЩЕСТВО И РЕФОРМЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SOCIETY AND REFORMS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Надежды и разочарование: процессы вовлечения в радикальные экстремистские группировки и выхода из них</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hopes and Disappointment: Processes of Getting Involved in and Out of Radical Extremist Groups</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кугай</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kugay</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Иванович Кугай, профессор</p><p>кафедра государственного и муниципального управления</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander I. Kugay, Professor of the Chair, Doctor of Science (Philosophy), Professor</p><p>Chair of the State and Municipal Management</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kugay3@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации (Северо-Западный институт управления РАНХиГС)</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (North-West Institute of Management of RANEPA)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>122</fpage><lpage>131</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кугай А.И., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кугай А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kugay A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.acjournal.ru/jour/article/view/2196">https://www.acjournal.ru/jour/article/view/2196</self-uri><abstract><p>   Различные причины — политические или неполитические – приводят людей к участию в терроризме и подобных формах насильственного экстремизма. Лица, причастные к терроризму, происходят из разных социальных слоев и зачастую подвергались процессам насильственной радикализации. Профили террористов не работают как инструмент для выявления реальных или потенциальных террористов, потому что такие профили не отражают разнообразие и то, как люди меняются, когда вовлекаются в воинствующий экстремизм. Что предполагает более динамичную типологию участников воинствующих групп, основанную на измерениях, которые представляют динамические континуумы, а не статические положения. Разочарование в том, что изначально привлекало их в движение — были ли это политические цели, поиск дружбы или чувства сопричастности — один из главных факторов, ведущий к процессу ухода из воинствующего движения или группы. Однако разъединение — далеко не просто обращение вспять или зеркальное отражение первоначального процесса участия в воинствующем экстремизме. В ходе своей экстремистской карьеры отдельные активисты склонны менять ценности и мотивы, а также позиции и роли в боевой группе. Отсюда, лучшее понимание факторов, вызывающих разочарование для разных типов воинствующих активистов позволяет предложить возможности для усиления данных процессов, способствуя более высокому уровню индивидуального выхода из экстремистской группы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   Various reasons — political or non-political — lead people to participation in terrorism and similar forms of violent extremism. Those involved in terrorism come from different social backgrounds and have often been subjected to processes of violent radicalization. Terrorist profiles do not work as a tool to identify real or potential terrorists because such profiles do not reflect diversity and how people change when they become involved in violent extremism. Which suggests a more dynamic typology of militant group members based on dimensions that represent dynamic continuums rather than static positions. Disillusionment with what originally attracted them to the movement — whether it was political goals, the search for friendship or a sense of belonging — is one of the main factors leading to the process of leaving a militant movement or group. However, disengagement is far from simply reversing or mirroring the original process of engaging in violent extremism. In the course of their extremist career, individual activists tend to change values and motives, as well as positions and roles in the militant group. Hence, a better understanding of the factors that cause frustration for different types of violent activists allows us to suggest opportunities for strengthening these processes, contributing to a higher level of individual exit from an extremist group.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экстремизм</kwd><kwd>терроризм</kwd><kwd>границы радикализации</kwd><kwd>идеологические активисты</kwd><kwd>дрифтеры и последователи</kwd><kwd>социально недовольная молодежь</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>extremism</kwd><kwd>terrorism</kwd><kwd>the limits of radicalization</kwd><kwd>ideological activists</kwd><kwd>drifters and followers</kwd><kwd>socially dissatisfied youth</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кугай А. И. Экстремизм: природа, симптоматика, опыт и условия противодействия / А. И. 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