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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">managementranepa</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Управленческое консультирование</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Administrative Consulting</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1726-1139</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1816-8590</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. North-West Institute of Management.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/1726-1139-2018-7-96-110</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">managementranepa-887</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВЛАСТЬ И ЭКОНОМИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POWER AND ECONOMICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы конвергенции и дивергенции в мировой экономике: краткий обзор</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Factors of Convergence and Divergence in the Global Economy: A Brief Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казакова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazakova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Казакова Мария Владимировна, заведующая лабораторией исследований проблем экономического роста Института прикладных экономических исследований РАНХиГС; заместитель заведующего Международной лабораторией изучения бюджетной устойчивости научного направления «Макроэкономика и финансы» Института экономической политики имени Е. Т. Гайдара, кандидат экономических наук</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria V. Kazakova, Head of Department for Economic Growth Studies of RANEPA, Deputy Head of International Department for Fiscal Sustainability Studies, Scientifi Direction “Macroeconomics and Finance” of Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy, PhD in Economics</p><p> </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kazakova@ranepa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации (РАНХиГС); &#13;
Институт экономической политики имени Е. Т. Гайдара (Институт Гайдара)</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA);&#13;
Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy (Gaidar Institute)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>09</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>96</fpage><lpage>110</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Казакова М.В., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Казакова М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kazakova M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.acjournal.ru/jour/article/view/887">https://www.acjournal.ru/jour/article/view/887</self-uri><abstract><p>Великая дивергенция, а именно расхождение в подушевом ВВП между странами первого и третьего мира, началось около1820 г. и продолжалось ускоренными темпами в течение следующей половины XIX в. и более медленными темпами — в XX в. Дивергенция Запада в первую очередь была связана с технологическим прорывом и экономическим развитием, которые привели к росту производительности труда и ВВП на душу населения. Однако в конце 1980-х гг. на смену Великой дивергенции пришла Великая конвергенция, другими словами, существенное опережение темпов экономического роста развитых стран Запада развивающимися странами третьего мира, объясняемое, в том числе, улучшением уровня образования и здоровья населения, другими словами, повышением качества человеческого капитала. Имеется целый пласт литературы, посвященной факторам, обуславливающим конвергенцию или дивергенцию различных стран. Изучение указанных факторов с помощью обзора и систематизации релевантной литературы и представляет цель настоящей статьи. В работе кратко проанализированы теоретические и эмпирические исследования, описывающие тенденции конвергенции и дивергенции в глобальной экономике, в качестве иллюстрации выводов приведены статистические данные по регионам мира за период с1960 г. по настоящее время. По результатам исследования в статье делается вывод о существовании довольно большого числа работ, посвященных анализу факторов, объясняющих дивергенцию или конвергенцию стран мира. По мнению авторов, проведенный обзор представляет ценность с точки зрения понимания текущих тенденций, имеющих место в мировой экономике, и факторов, их обуславливающих, а также построения прогнозов ее развития в будущем.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The Great Divergence, namely the divergence in per capita GDP between the first and the third worlds, started around 1820 and continued at an accelerated pace during the next half of the 19th century and at a slower pace in the 20th century. Divergence of the West was primarily associated with a technological breakthrough and economic development that led to higher labor productivity and GDP per capita. However, in the late 1980s the Great Convergence, which implied substantial advance of economic growth rates of developed West by developing countries of the third world, replaced the Great Divergence. Great Divergence was due to the improving of education and public health systems, in other words, to human capital development. There is a bulk of literature focusing on convergence or divergence of various countries. The purpose of this article is to study these factors by the means of review and systematization of relevant literature. Authors briefly analyze theoretical and empirical studies describing drivers of convergence and divergence in the global economy. They also consider statistical data on world regions for the period since 1960 until present days to justify conclusions. The article concludes that there are quite a large number of works devoted to the analysis of factors explaining the divergence or convergence trends in the world. This review is useful in terms of understanding current trends in the world economy, as well as developing scenarios of its development in the future.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экономический рост</kwd><kwd>мировая экономика</kwd><kwd>конвергенция</kwd><kwd>дивергенция</kwd><kwd>неравенство доходов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>economic growth</kwd><kwd>world economy</kwd><kwd>convergence</kwd><kwd>divergence</kwd><kwd>income inequality</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abramovitz M. Catching up, forging ahead, and falling behind // The Journal of Economic History. 1986. Vol. 46. N 2. P. 385–406.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abramovitz M. 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