Preview

Administrative Consulting

Advanced search

Historical Laws in the System of Modern Knowledge about the Past of Human Society

https://doi.org/10.22394/1726-1139-2023-2-132-141

Abstract

   This article examines the question of the existence of specific historical (general sociological) laws that operate throughout all stages of human history and differ from other laws of social existence. The authors have attempted to formulate the most obvious basic historical laws based on the available scientific developments, methodological approaches and ideas of researchers from both the distant and very recent past. The authors define the following list of historical laws: the law of cyclicity; the law of civilizational, event-based and personal uniqueness of the historical process; the law of balance and struggle of personal, group, corporate, state and civilizational interests; the law of cause-and-effect relationships; the law of unrealized alternatives; the law of unintended consequences. They reflect in the most concentrated form the current level of knowledge about the world historical process. They relate to the entire array of the past of human society. They are synthetic, complex, multidimensional and all encompassing. They manifest themselves in all periods of human history without exception. Therefore, they open up the possibility of a more conscious perception of the present and the formation of general scientific ideas about the deep mechanisms of the future development of society.

About the Authors

L. N. Goncharenko
Baltic Institute of Humanities
Russian Federation

Lev N. Goncharenko, Professor of the Department, Doctor of Science (History), Professor

Department of Humanities and Socio-Economic Disciplines

Saint Petersburg



E. B. Avakova
Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University; Saint-Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design
Russian Federation

Elina B. Avakova, Associate Professor, Candidate of Sciences (Sociology)

Graduate School of Media Communications and Public Relations

Department of Advertising and Public Relations

Saint Petersburg



References

1. Antoshkin V. N. Social laws and social management // Bulletin of Bashkir University. 2012. Vol. 17. N 1–1. P. 594–597 (in Rus).

2. Barg M. A. Categories and methods of historical science. М. : Nauka, 1984 (in Rus).

3. Bell D. The coming post-industrial Society. The experience of social forecasting: trans. from English. М. : Academy, 1999 (in Rus).

4. Vasilkova V. V. Order and chaos in the development of social systems: Synergetics and theory of social self-organization. SPB. : Lan, 1999 (in Rus).

5. Gefter M. Ya. From those and these years. М. : Progress, 1991 (in Rus).

6. Gulenko V. V. Management of a well-coordinated team. Socionics and socioanalysis for managers. Novosibirsk : Ed.-ed. enterprise ekon. lit., 1995 (in Rus).

7. Gulyga A. V. About the nature of historical knowledge // Questions of philosophy. 1962. N 9. P. 28–38 (in Rus).

8. Gumilev L. N. From Russia to Russia: Essays on Ethnic History. М. : AST, 2008 (in Rus).

9. Gumilev L. N. Ethnogenesis and the biosphere of the Earth. SPb. : Kristall, 2001 (in Rus).

10. Gurevich A.Ya. The historian at the layout // Domestic notes. 2004. N 5. P. 100–114 (in Rus).

11. Gurevich A. Ya. About historical regularity // Philosophical problems of historical science. М. : Nauka, 1969 (in Rus).

12. Galbraith J. Economic theories and goals of society. М. : Progress, 1976 (in Rus).

13. Danilevsky N.Ya. Russia and Europe. М. : Institute of Russian Civilization, 2008 (in Rus).

14. Durkheim E. On the division of social labor. The method of sociology. М. : Nauka, 1991 (in Rus).

15. Zhukov E. M. Essays on the methodology of history. М. : Nauka, 1980 (in Rus).

16. Kertman L. E. Laws of historical situations // Questions of history. 1971. N 1. P. 55–68 (in Rus).

17. Kovalchenko I. D. Methods of historical research. М. : Nauka, 1987 (in Rus).

18. Kont O. The course of positive philosophy // Anthology of World philosophy. М. : Mysl, 1971. Vol. 3 (in Rus).

19. Lenin V. I. On the slogan of the United States of Europe // Complete Works. М. : Gospolitizdat. Vol. 26. 1961 (in Rus).

20. Lotman Yu. M. Clio at the crossroads // Novoe vremya. 1993. N 47. P. 56–59 (in Rus).

21. Marx K., Engels F. Op. 2<sup>nd</sup> ed. Vol. 2 (in Rus).

22. Montesquieu Sh. Selected essays. М. : Gospolitizdat, 1955 (in Rus).

23. Rostow U. Politics and stages of growth. М. : Progress, 1973 (in Rus).

24. Saydazimov K. T., Khaidarov H. M. Specificity of social law // Austrian Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences. 2015. P. 165–168 (in Rus).

25. Toynbee A. D. Civilization before the court of history. М. : Progress; St. Petersburg: Kultura, 1996 (in Rus).

26. Uledov V. K. Sociological laws. М. : Mysl, 1975 (in Rus).

27. Spengler O. The Decline of Europe: in 2 vols. / transl. I. I. Makhankov. М. : Iris-press, 2003 (in Rus).

28. Aron R. Dix-huit leçons sur la société industrielle // Idées. N 19. Paris : Gallimard, 1962.

29. Galbraith J. K. Countervailing power // The American Economic Review. 1954. Vol. 44. N 2.

30. Ogburn W. F. Social Change with Respect to Culture and Original Nature. New York : B. W. Huebsch, Inc. 1922.

31. Spengler O. The Decline of the West. М. : Alfa-kniga, 2010.

32. Toynbee A. J. A study of history. Vol. 12. Reconsiderations. New York : OUP, 1964.

33. Toynbee A. J. What I am trying to do A Study of History // Toynbee and History. Boston, 1956.


Review

For citations:


Goncharenko L.N., Avakova E.B. Historical Laws in the System of Modern Knowledge about the Past of Human Society. Administrative Consulting. 2023;(2):132-141. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.22394/1726-1139-2023-2-132-141

Views: 676


ISSN 1726-1139 (Print)
ISSN 1816-8590 (Online)