National security in the media sphere is becoming a multifaceted task related to the implementation of Russia’s cultural sovereignty in the context of digital transformation. Strategic planning for the development of the national media space involves domestic political and diplomatic decisions of a conceptual nature that can ensure the unity of the international information space while countering threats: (1) propaganda of violent extremism, (2) popularization of destructive ideology, (3) reduction of cultural capital level of the party in power and opposition. Operational plans for ensuring media security quite often follow the logic of situational response to threats posed by enemies and implement protective measures in relation to the media space at the national level. In methodological terms, the media security of the state is characterized by systemic practices of ensuring information security (in formal legal analysis), and analysis of threats to cognitive and noospheric security (in the natural science study of communication processes). The research methodology involves the use of the method of participant observation inherent in noxology to classify threats emanating from the mass media. Among the main objectives of the article: analysis of modern Russian political and legal documents aimed at ensuring media security and countering extremism, characterizing the Russian policy of securitization of social problems in the media sphere, delimiting legal political struggle from criminal (extremist and destructive) practices of political communication. The objectives of the study include the analysis of foreign experience in ensuring national media security in the context of digitalization and the growing threat of violent extremism. The logic of competition in the digital cultural space practically excludes the use of secrecy, censorship and forcing the audience to watch propaganda in the process of ensuring media security. Public relations in the media sphere involves the choice of media content by the audience of the global information space, which means that the protection of national spiritual and moral values is implemented in the liberal paradigm and demands open dialogue between the party in power and the opposition on topical issues of national security.

Globalization has contributed to the development of economic relations between Europe and the Indo-Pacific. However, after 2011 they were influenced by the American “pivot to Asia” and the shift of US attention from countering international terrorism to rivalry with the “revisionist” powers — Russia and China. In 2019, with the adoption of the US Indo-Pacific Strategy, China became their main regional rival. The rivalry with him provided for the Americans to unite their Asian allies in a network of managed formal alliances, as well as to connect Great Britain and France to solving strategic tasks. On February 11, 2022, a new Indo-Pacific strategy of the United States appeared. This document emphasized the strategic value and increasing role of Great Britain, France, the EU and NATO in Indo-Pacific and set the task of building bridges between the Indo-Pacific and Euro-Atlantic regions. The main role in its solution was assigned to AUKUS, a trilateral military alliance of the United States, Great Britain and Australia, created on September 15, 2021. At about the same time, France, Germany, the Netherlands and the European Union approved their own strategies in Indo-Pacific. They had in common an unwillingness to see China as the main opponent in the context of the US-Chinese rivalry. At the same time, the documents did not indicate that Europe was equidistant from global rivals. On the one hand, being part of the collective West, the EU demonstrated its support to America, on the other, being the most important economic partner of the Celestial Empire, it refused to see it as an existential threat to its security. Against this background, a similar British document published in March 2021 stood out, characterized by a hostile attitude towards China. However, significant differences in the strategies of European countries were offset by their membership in NATO. At the Alliance summit in Madrid in June 2022 the Europeans, together with other allies, proclaimed a strategic course for “systemic rivalry” with the PRC in the context of the interconnection of the security of the Euro-Atlantic and the development of the situation in the Indo-Pacific. With the signing of the NATO-EU joint declaration in Brussels on January 10, 2023, there was a further rapprochement of the two Western structures on an anti-Chinese basis, as well as the complete subordination of Europe to the interests of American global policy.

The purpose of this article is to improve the terminology, structure and content of the integrated concept of chain management, including value chains, novelties, demands and supplies. Methods of classification, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction chosen as research methods, and binary matrices used as a tool, formed on the basis of classification attributes and their dichotomies, allowing to increase the objectivity of obtained results. The results obtained with signs of scientific novelty: classification of variants for managing chains and other objects when creating values for end consumers of products and/or services; the sequence of formation of terms of the main and derived components of chain management; the structure of the chain management concept focused on creating the main types of value for end consumers of products and/or services; the content of management of new types of chains, such as chains of formalization, consumption and generalization of value. These results make it possible to reduce the lost profit of chain links of various types due to the rational distribution of functions, powers, responsibilities between performers and the elimination of cross-functional barriers. The originality of the article is based on the following hypotheses: the presence of a common «chain» management object allows us to develop the concept of integrated management of value chains, novelties, demands and supplies; the value of the end consumer of products and/or services is divided into types and objects, each of which is characterized by specific supply chains and a variant of managing these chains; the main objects chain management forms the prerequisites for the creation of a unified terminological apparatus.

The relevance of this study is determined by its specificity — the recent coronavirus pandemic that has affected all areas of activity, including the e-commerce market. Subjects from the top-40 countries in terms of COVID-19 infection rates were selected for analysis, including both developed countries and countries with transitional economies. The research aims to mathematically detail the influence of the coronavirus and its consequences on the ecommerce market. The study identified key factors that determined the size of the online market and described key development trends. The research considered two conceptual models, the first of which relates to the pre-pandemic period in 2019, while the second model reflects the situation after the pandemic and examines the year 2021. Factors of primary importance, such as ICT level, HDI index, average population age, number of internet users in the country, GDP, inflation, support for small business in the country, globalization index, press freedom index, and the presence of international agenda in the country’s news, were selected as first-order factors. According to the forecast, the growth rates of the online trading market will consistently remain at a high level and will not return to pre-pandemic levels. By understanding the impact of the coronavirus on the e-commerce market, market participants can adjust their development strategy for more effective response to changing market conditions.

The relevance of the topic of the article is due to the need to improve the electronic document management system between customs authorities and foreign trade participants. Currently, the use of digital technologies in the activities of customs authorities is becoming increasingly popular and relevant. The use of digital technologies in the electronic document management system opens up many new functions for participants of the foreign economic Activity and the Federal Customs Service of Russia, such as speeding up the document exchange process, automating the document processing process, and improving the security of document exchange. In this regard, the analysis of the process of providing the necessary documents and (or) information by the foreign trade participant is of particular interest, because at the moment the document flow is mainly in paper form. The purpose of the study is to analyze the process of carrying out verification measures by customs authorities, providing the necessary documents and (or) information by foreign trade participants, identify emerging problems and develop recommendations for their elimination. Objectives of the study: to assess innovations in the field of customs declaration, consideration of applications for amendments (additions) to the information declared in the goods declaration after the release of goods, as well as customs control in the form of verification of documents and (or) information on the initiative of the customs authority; to identify the key advantages and problems of the current state of document flow; to propose ways to solve the efficiency and improvement of the electronic document management system. Research methods: the current state of the electronic document management system was analyzed, including problematic issues were identified. The synthesis method made it possible to demonstrate the need to increase the efficiency of the electronic document management system, since it is used in many processes in the field of customs. The modeling methodology allowed us to propose ways to solve problematic issues of the current state of the electronic document management system and directions for improving these processes within the framework of the topic under consideration. The key problems of the electronic document management system are: abnormal situations, due to which it is not possible to view documents in electronic format, delays, loss of documents, interruptions in the work of JSC “Russian Post” when working with paper documents, the inconvenience of working with a large volume of paper documents, long periods of customs control. Promising solutions to these problems are: to amend international treaties and acts in the field of customs regulation and legislation of the member states on customs regulation, to introduce an All-Russian information system that could both serve the process of electronic declaration, the introduction of the possibility of sending a request by the customs authority for the submission of documents and (or) information in electronic form after the release of goods in a special software tool, the expansion of the functionality of the Personal account of the foreign trade participant.

The issues of developing ideas about approaches to assessing the investment potential and investment attractiveness of Russian regions are considered. The characteristics of the reasons for the emergence of interest in studying the topic of investment attractiveness are given. The identification of stages in the development of research and changes in approaches to assessment is justified. The advantages and disadvantages of the traditional approach to the study of investment potential as a component of investment attractiveness are analyzed. The relevance of applying the approach to studying investment potential is substantiated from the standpoint of assessing the completeness of its use to ensure socioeconomic development.

The most important task of the modern Russian economy is the transition to new principles of work, digital platforms and technologies that can provide a comprehensive, complete and efficient relationship between market participants, the state and society. The purpose of this work is to develop a universal digital platform for working in the field of tourism on the example of the tourist project “The Lomonosov Way”. The work uses the methods of the digital economy, the original digital platform NBICS.NET, which makes it possible to systematize the solution of social, environmental and economic problems of the territories, the provision of tourism services in digital and analog, online and offline formats. NBICS.NET tools make it possible to apply AI, IoT and VR/AR/MR technologies, create a set of requirements and professional standards for the sustainable and high-quality provision of tourism services, and provide green technologies at all stages and processes of tourism projects. This ensures respect for people and the natural environment, the solution of social, environmental and economic problems of deep territories, stimulating the impact on the transformation of villages, towns and cities participating in the project and included in the digital platform. The presented project, associated with the great Russian thinker Mikhail Lomonosov, combines the history of science and education in Russia over the past 300 years in conjunction with the life of the peoples of the country, thereby realizing a conceptually new form of education for the younger generation. The platform can become a basis and a digital universal solution for creating similar tourism products in other regions and countries, uniting peoples with a humanitarian meaning.

This article analyzes various approaches to understanding public participation in the budget process of foreign and domestic researchers. In the context of the target approach, aspects related to understanding the goals of introducing public participation into the budget process of its possible participants are presented and systematized. In addition, an analysis was made of the motives of participants in public participation programs in the budget process. The relevance of the study is justified by the fact that the development of public participation in the budget process, in particular initiative budgeting, is one of the modern directions in the development of budget policy in the Russian Federation. The results of the study are, firstly, in the essential analysis of public participation in the budget process in political science discourse. Secondly, in the systematization of various approaches to determining the goals of introducing public participation in the budget process. Thirdly, in determining the motives of participants in public participation programs in the budget process. It was determined that a key element of public participation in the budget process is the continuity of the process of interaction between the public and public authorities. Understanding the goals and motives of public participation in the budget process differs among potential participants, however, the most interested in the implementation of public participation programs in the budget process are state authorities and citizens — non-profit and commercial organizations are less interested, but their participation makes it possible to provide additional resources for public participation programs in the budget process.

In 2023, the founder of the national school and pedagogy, K. D. Ushinsky, turned 200 years old. The interest in the work of outstanding teachers observed in the information and educational space of the country was due not only to the youth, but also to the announcement of 2023. The year of the teacher and mentor. In carrying out the tasks formulated in the Presidential Decree “On the approval of the foundations of state policy for the preservation and strengthening of traditional Russian spiritual and moral values”, a significant place is given to the domestic education system. The task of the sovereignty of education should be solved, according to the President of the Russian Federation V. V. Putin, based on the experience and achievements of national pedagogy and school. The article examines some aspects of the educational policy of the Soviet state during the formation of the national school model, which absorbed the best pre-revolutionary traditions and achievements of the Soviet period. The need to “transfer schools to education and upbringing in the spirit of national-state patriotism” required the return of K. D. Ushinsky’s creative heritage to pedagogical theory and practice. A special place in this process belonged to the People’s Commissar of Enlightenment of the RSFSR V. P. Potemkin, in many ways — the “spiritual heir” of Ushinsky. Russian history and literature, achievements of Russian culture and pedagogy have firmly entered into the practice of teaching and upbringing, becoming the strongest feature of one of the “best schools” in the world.

Egypt faces a challenge in providing sufficient resources for energy needs, especially, since Egypt relies mainly on oil and natural gas to meet its energy needs, on which the percentage of dependence has reached 95% of Egypt’s total energy needs. All studies indicate that despite Egypt’s possession of reserves from these sources, due to the growing use of these resources and the high cost of extracting them, Egypt will face a deficit in covering its needs from these resources. Although it is expected that the balance between oil and gas production will return with uses within few years after overcoming the economic difficulties that faced the oil and gas sector, according to Egypt’s energy strategy for the year 2030 and its current update to reach it for the year 2035, it is expected that Egypt will become a permanent importer. Oil and gas within a period not exceeding several years from the beginning of the third decade of this century. This situation represents an additional challenge to the Egyptian economy, as it becomes exposed to price turmoil in the global energy markets, which cannot be expected or controlled. This is in addition to the drain on Egypt’s foreign exchange resources, the impact on the balance of trade, and the reduction of the competitiveness of the national economy. Therefore, the diversification of energy sources must be reconsidered in order to achieve maximum benefit from local resources, which are characterized by sustainability and stability in prices, which are features that characterize electricity production projects from renewable sources, taking into account Egypt’s richness in these resources. Therefore, Egypt has already started implementing many projects that work to provide Egypt’s energy needs, through the project of the nuclear power plant in “Al-Dabaa” in northern Egypt on the Mediterranean coast, as well as power generation projects from renewable energy sources available in Egypt, such as “wind energy” and “solar energy”.

Introduction: this article discusses the role of a mentor in modern society. The importance of mentoring activities in various directions and areas is revealed.

Materials and methods: in the process of preparing and writing this article, Russian and Englishlanguage scientific publications containing the results of sociological research on this topic were used. Theoretical methods were used in the study: study, analysis of scientific literature, systematization of data.

Research results: based on the results of the analysis of scientific publications, it was determined that at the present time society is characterized by a rapid pace of development, but at the same time the need for the transfer of knowledge and skills is expressed. The digitalization of the economy has contributed to the fact that mentors have become necessary not only for the younger generation, but also for the older ones who have started interacting with the Internet and need to increase the level of digital literacy, employees at the enterprise, teachers, medical workers, the younger generation. The role of the mentor is determined by the need to facilitate the process of socialization and adaptation of employees, while both in the implementation of direct and reverse mentoring. This function can be performed by persons who must have the necessary competencies and the desire to learn, support others. In addition, the mentor can act as the head of the support service, provide social support, provide assistance in solving various issues.

Discussion and conclusion: domestic and foreign sociological studies are analyzed, on the basis of which conclusions are drawn about the importance of a mentor in various social spheres. Based on the research, the necessary personal qualities and acquired skills that are important for a mentor are determined. The role of a mentor in the modern world is determined by the need to transfer experience in a limited time, form a focus on effectiveness, integrate into the professional environment and provide support. However, it is important to determine the ethics, principles and regulatory framework of this activity.

This article presents an analysis of classical (“Old Public Administration”, “New Public Management”, “Good Governance”) and relatively new approaches in public administration (E-government, Digital Public Administration, client-centered, process and project approaches). The purpose of the study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of each approach and explore how their combined use can lead to more effective delivery of public services. The study used the method of a systematic literature review of relevant scientific sources, followed by a comparative analysis of the key features and characteristics of each approach. The results of the analysis show that each approach has unique contributions and limitations, and their effectiveness depends on a number of contextual factors. Old Public Administration focuses on hierarchy, rules and procedures and is effective in ensuring administrative efficiency and accountability. New Public Management emphasizes market principles, such as results-based budgeting, decentralization and competition, and aims to improve efficiency, effectiveness. Good Governance emphasizes democratic values, transparency, accountability and citizen participation in decision-making processes. E-government and digital government approaches aim to use technology to improve the efficiency of government, accessibility and quality of public services. The customer-centered approach focuses on understanding the needs and preferences of citizens and providing customized services that meet their expectations. The process approach emphasizes the importance of systematic planning, implementation and evaluation of public policies and services to achieve the desired results. The project-based approach focuses on the use of project management principles, such as stakeholder engagement, risk management and performance monitoring, to implement complex public projects. The design and implementation of public policies and services must take into account the context, citizen needs and preferences, and broader societal interests. The study emphasizes the importance of continuous learning and adaptation in public administration to meet the changing challenges and needs of society. The study concludes that there is no one-size-fits-all approach to public administration, and a multifaceted approach is necessary for the effective and efficient functioning of the state apparatus.