No 12 (2016)
ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЕ - ДРАЙВЕР ИЛИ ТОРМОЗ РАЗВИТИЯ?
6-15 357
Abstract
The article analyzes the main stages of the modernization of public administration and social development of Russia in the post-Soviet period: the market transformation of the institutional foundations of the Soviet system to resursoraspredelitelnoy growth model and the regime of sovereign democracy of the 2000s. Proposed and tested the hypothesis that the reforms without taking into account the trends of social development, the features of the national mentality, and the balance of power within the elite, as well as the unwillingness of the authorities to meet the public, timely resolve the contradictions, in most cases, lead to loss of the reformers of power and the collapse of the country . Analytical support state and public institutions reform programs should be extremely prudent, not pushed in the direction of the state apologetiki and not stoop to approach «abstract observer», a priori, criticizing the government’s actions without taking into account the conditions of the historical situation, the public willingness to change, accountability measures statesman. The main lesson to take out the authors of the history of Russia’s modernization is the inadmissibility of the disengagement, the opposition of citizens and the state, government and society.
16-25 631
Abstract
The paper shows the application of agent-based approach to modeling of social, ecological and economic processes. An overview of the most typical agent-based model (ABM), developed in recent years to solve practical problems of territorial administration is given. The expediency of using ABM as a development planning tool areas, including strategic, is shown. A territory-population model developed by the authors is based on the behavior of individual members of artificial society and simulates the processes of mortality, fertility and migration. The creation of new agents (birth of children) in the model is the result of the choice of female agents of reproductive age, and this choice depends on their value system. At the same time the population of agents in this regard is not uniform - agents stick to different reproductive strategies: modern (low fertility), and traditional (high fertility). The migration of agents depends on the difference in the level of per capita income both between different areas within a country and between countries. The migration variants for individual agent depend on it’s social ties. The presented design served as the basis for creating three ABMs: 1) model of reproduction of the population of St. Petersburg; 2) labor migration model from the border areas of China into Russia; 3) model of internal and external migration in the European Union. All models have been tested in the course of computer experiments on real data. Preliminary results show an adequate response to changing patterns of controlled parameters related to the economic and institutional characteristics of the agents of the environment.
26-36 449
Abstract
The article considers the Quality of life dependence of the quality of public governance. In this view the author examines various ways of improving the quality of activities carried out by the public authorities through the application of modern quality management methods. The content of standards aimed at facilitation of the quality management systems implementation in state and municipal authorities is analyzed. The article specifies new quality management principles developed taking into account the specifics of the public authorities’ activities. The author considers various self-assessment models, including the one aimed for the state authorities, as well as the assessment model for rating the public authorities’ activities of foreign countries.
37-42 339
Abstract
Implementation of project management is a new trend in public administration. Recently issued by the Government of the Russian Federation acts of project management prompted many leaders of state bodies to think about the need to train their employees the basics of the scientific organization of the project activity, and the practical aspects of the work produced by the project office. The authors reveal the mechanisms to create a comprehensive approach to the organization of training of top managers and experts of project offices in public administration based on an innovative model of management training, used in St. Petersburg.
43-48 470
Abstract
The characteristic forms of social control. The problems of the relationship of social control and the effectiveness of the enforcement public authorities. The promising ways to improve the forms of social control in order to gain influence on the results.
49-54 451
Abstract
In article the retrospective analysis of introduction of design approach is presented to activity of public authorities, the best practicians of project management in regions of the Russian Federation are described, the interrelation between the level of development of project management in regional authorities and a condition of investment climate of regions is revealed. Authors consider key problems of introduction of project management in activity of executive authorities of subjects of the Russian Federation. Among them special attention is paid to a problem of a mismatch of documents of strategic planning, programming and projects, lack of a clear idea of organizational structure of management of design activity in authorities of regions, to the difficulties connected with shortage of competences in design management at executives and participants of projects, backwardness of system of motivations of participants of the project, considerable differentiation of regions on quality of standard and methodical maintenance of process of introduction of project management in activity of executive authorities of territorial subjects of the federation.
55-62 268
Abstract
In the article the system of formation of personal and professional readiness of public servants in modern conditions is considered. The author based on differentiation between objects of management in public administration and management postulates existence of features in training of public servants. The position according to which formation of personal and professional readiness acts as the continuous process based on a conclusion of each student to an individual trajectory of development with obligatory formation of high level of civic consciousness is proved.
63-71 414
Abstract
Article is devoted to a research of level of awareness and practice of participation of the population of the city of Yekaterinburg in local government. Awareness of the population about forms of participation in local government is one of the major factors exerting impact on civil activity of local community. Article purpose - to identify the level of awareness and participation of the population of the city of Yekaterinburg in local government and to develop proposals for their improvement. This article is prepared on the basis of results of the empirical sociological research conducted by authors in May, 2016. In a research the complex of basic sociological methods was used: questionnaire of adult population of the city of Yekaterinburg on the sample representing the city’s population by age and sex (the volume of a sample - 400 people), two focus groups (members of the first focus group were young people aged 18 to 30years, participants in the second - the middleaged 31-40 years), the analysis of officia l documents and information on forms of participation of the population in local government on the official websites of the city of Yekaterinburg. Authors have developed a diagnostic technique which has allowed to reveal the level of awareness of the population of forms of participation of the population of the city of Yekaterinburg in local government. Authors have obtained empirical data on practice of civil participation in local government and have revealed problems which interfere with civil participation in local government. As a result of survey and focus groups the low level of awareness of the population of forms of participation of the population of the city of Yekaterinburg in local government is revealed. The Internet is information source, most convenient for the population, however not enough information on forms of civil participation in local government is posted on the official sites of the city of Yekaterinburg. Authors of article have formulated offers on increase in awareness of the population of Yekaterinburg of forms of participation of the population in local government.
72-78 415
Abstract
In the article the questions of legal regulation of interaction of institutions of civil society and authorities at Federal and regional level (on example of the Nizhny Novgorod region), as well as implementation of the requirements of current legislation. The author’s classification of models of interaction between civil society institutions and authorities. Summarizes the problems of interaction between civil society institutions and authorities and the ways of their resolution. The article presents successful practices from the activities of the Legislative Assembly of Nizhny Novgorod region
79-82 812
Abstract
Institute of Local Government in Russian Federation is a system of local government, which provides citizen’s involvement to decision making of local issues, by referendum, elections and other forms, through elected and other structures of local self-government. In St. Petersburg municipal government has a number of specific characteristics such as the dependence on the public authorities, and generalized perception of the population of the activities of all branches of government. The main driver of development becomes purposeful management of internal policy of municipal organizations, which is based on modern approaches to recruitment and human resource management.
83-91 283
Abstract
In the article, conceptual bases and a configuration of modern economic policy are characterized. At the same time, the prevailing (normal) conditions and a case of depressive economy are divided. To the first, there correspond the defining role of the monetary policy that is conducted in a format of flexible targeting of inflation and asupporting role of the state budget subordinated to achievement of fiscal stability. A recurrence of depressive economy is followed by return of traditional Keynesianism and non-standard in comparison with the prevailing approaches of policy. The conclusion about essential dependence of processes of public administration on a condition of national economy is drawn.
92-98 302
Abstract
In the article problem, issues of development of public-private partnership are taken up. Forms of the PPP organization are reflected. Experience of application of normative legal acts in the PPP sphere in foreign countries is considered. The analysis of use of various methods and instruments of implementation of agreements of projects of PPP that are present at foreign normative legal acts and at the domestic legislation is carried out. Shortcomings of the legislation on PPP are specified. The perspective of the purposes and understanding of results at implementation of projects of PPP from the state, the private investor and society is studied. It is considered what complexity of the procedure of decisionmaking within PPP consists in and as it is reflected in financial conditions of participation of the parties.
99-107 588
Abstract
In the article the ratio of categories “public administration” and “state economic policy” is investigated. On the basis of the carried-out comparison it is shown that the state economic policy, on the one hand, is a form of public administration, with another - methods of her realization are wider, than at public administration, and have more complex character, in comparison with traditional methods of public administration. The directions of realization of the state economic policy in modern Russia, and also specifics of her implementation are revealed.
108-117 702
Abstract
This paper considers the current problem of human capital and its place in increasing the competitiveness of the regional economy. The aim of the article is to study the impact of human capital on improving the competitiveness of the regional economy. Author studies the theoretical aspects of human capital, offers a refined interpretation of the concept in the context of the considered problem. A special attention was paid to the methodology of evaluation the level of development of human capital in the region. Author on the basis of the analytical review tried to prove a direct correlation between the levels of human capital development in a number of regions of Russia with their position in the ranking of the attractiveness of competitive regional economies. It substantiates the idea that human capital is a fundamental strategic resource base of economic development of the region, the country as a whole. We believe that the level of development of human capital and the level of socio-economic sphere are directly proportional, where the first is the basis of the second - the result index. Revealed feature that a high level of human capital development is not typical for stagnating or in decline economics, in which the competitive advantages of business entities are poorly developed. This theoretical approach will be interesting for specialists in fields of territorial development and regional management, implementation of the innovations in the regional economy. The methodological basis of the study includes such tools as analysis of statistical data, analysis of the sources, comparison method, induction method, and others. This issue requires further research, because of the lack of the study.
ISSN 1726-1139 (Print)
ISSN 1816-8590 (Online)
ISSN 1816-8590 (Online)