The digital divide and derivative of it discrimination are not limited by the lack of access to telecommunication networks for a significant part of the population. In terms of digital divide, human rights are subjected to restriction on the ground of value’s absence in the specific person for a developing information economy. The policy of overcoming the digital divide in modern society requires the coordinated efforts of the international community in the harmonization ofstate and business information policy.

The purpose of the article is description of characteristics of use by armed forces of information technologies in spheres of management, logistics and material support when conducting fighting, and in peace time - for ensuring military and national security. As at the present stage of development of military data on the coming and happening armed conflict carry out the integrating role, in the article the attention is focused on a perspective of creation and increase in efficiency of developments in the field of information technologies, for the purpose of their application in the military sphere.

The common cultural space of the CIS countries has appeared as a response of their citizens to destruction of the former Soviet culture. Despite of the controversial goals established by political elites, who led the newly independent states, cooperation has continued to preserve the further interaction and mutual enrichment of the cultures which meet the needs of their peoples. In some cases, cultural cooperation outpaces the progress in political and economic cooperation between states, creating favorable conditions for interaction in other fields. There are new forms of cultural cooperation, which appear and make possible to the CIS members to act together on the international arena. It is important that such trends were noticed by the political elites on time and skillfully used in the common interests of the Community of Independent States.

In the article the problems of adjusting of natural monopolies are examined as a market institute of industrial and after industrial economy. Some reasons of adjusting failures are investigated in a historical aspect. Analysed competitive going near the choice of adequate for the Russian economy model and politics of adjusting of natural monopolies taking into account the factor of innovative development.

In this article, the reflections of the goals and objectives of the development of education in the strategies of social and economic development of the regions of Russia are analyzed on the example of the North-West Federal District. Strategic federal programs in the sphere of education have been identified, which are being implemented at the present time. The main goals of educational development programs have been identified. The interaction of strategies for socio-economic development and programs for the development of education was noted. Attention is focused on the population at the age of 1-29 years of the North-West Federal District as potential consumers of educational services. Regional programs for the development of education and their possible expert evaluation at the federal level are described. The problem of linking social and economic development strategies and educational development programs for most of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation is posed, which requires further analysis and development of appropriate solutions

The relevance of the chosen topic related to the study of the processes of innovative development of the national economy is determined by the strategic role that innovations play in shaping a truly competitive market-type economy and the country’s exit from the deepest economic crisis that hit all sides of social life of Russian society. Crisis phenomena manifested itself in a sharp drop in the standard of living, absolute and relative impoverishment of the working people, and a decline in labor productivity. In the article, relying on foreign experience, types of modern institutional structures that have a significant influence on the functioning of various R&D models are identified. Six models of financing innovative projects are presented. Three models of forming the terms of the cycle for the development and implementation of innovations with the help of existing institutional entities are indicated for different countries.

We found out that the number of subjects of management does not have a significant impact on the dynamics of civil service development. The indices of the SED and the development of the civil service of the republics are changing in a contradictory dynamics, and the development of the civil service at the federal and regional levels is not coordinated. We offer the statement that the existence the system of a civil service management, in which its governing bodies are administered by both the head and the government of the region, is accompanied in a significant proportion of the cases by positive changes in the civil service system against the backdrop of the steady growth of the SED indices. It is in contrast to the regions where the civil service management is fully concentrated in the hands of the head of republic. Thus, the civil service management system is closely related to the organization of political power. We examined the management system against the backdrop of the dynamics of quantitative indicators of the civil service development and dynamics of the region’s SED. For the first time we systematized the management bodies of the civil service of the republics within the Russian Federation and compared their functions. Increasing the efficiency of the civil service is an urgent task for all regions and the country as awhole, therefore, the increment of scientific knowledge of the factors influencing the functioning and management of this institution has not only theoretical but also wide practical application.

The article justifies the necessity of improvement of mechanisms the strategic planning and the territory development monitoring in the circumstances of the actual legislation in this sphere (Federal Law «About the strategic planning in Russian Federation»). The article analyses the possible directions of the improvement of the actual regulation. It is mentioned that the strategic planning and monitoring are the related processes and they demand complex approach to their elaboration. The formalisation of the system of development goals, the creation of the model of the evaluation of the conditions and limitation of territory development, the creation and/or adaptation of the existing analytical instruments of the strategic decision making and the methodical recommendations for its application are mentioned as the main directions of the improvement of the mechanisms of the strategic planning and the territory development. The authors indicate the actual research directions in the field of strategic planning and territory development monitoring and its perspectives for the public administration education.

In the article, the role of implicit knowledge in success of the modern small organization reveals. Also change in the balance in the modern small organizations between “hard” factors of competitiveness (new technologies, new goods) and “soft” factors among which - knowledge, corporate culture is described. Specific methods of management for creation, development of implicit knowledge and the subsequent management in the small organizations are shown. Among methods is mentioned management on values thanks to which the commitment of employees to the general tasks and trust among collective in the small organizations is cultivated. The trend on increase in number of the small organizations achieving success in a long-term outlook exactly thanks to implicit factors of competitiveness as it is much more difficult to repeat or adopt them in competitive fight is also noted in the article.

In the article questions of implementation of investment projects on modernization and construction of facilities of infrastructure, including housing and communal services, on the terms of concession agreements are considered. Progress and problems of such approach are noted. In detail the changes of the concession legislation accepted in the last year and their influence on practice of application are considered. Special attention is paid to questions of water treatment and water disposal, and also heat supply.

The article analyzes the specific conditions that influenced on the formation of the functioning features of judicial and administrative authorities of the Moscow State (the end of XVI - XVII centuries). The causes of tolerant public attitude towards corruption are discovered. The process of the state anti-corruption practice formation is examined.

The subject of this study was been discussed in the previous article «Andropov and Karelia». The problem of the repatriation of Ingermanland Finns to Karelian-Finnish SSR is discussed in the article. This people were repressed during and immediately after the Second World war according of far-fetched charges with a crime. This problem is discussed in connection with difficult and tragic history of Ingermanland Finns people in centuries and especially in the twentieth century. The authors draw some actual conclusions for temporary state policy.

In the article on the basis of the analysis and synthesis of archival documents of materials,earlier inaccessible to a wide range of the readers of scientific works, activities of bodies of the public and military administration for modernization of artillery of Red army in days of the first five-years periods and on the eve of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 are investigated.

The article examines political communication as a kind of political relationship and characterizes levels and forms of political communication in media space of antiquity, the middle Ages, the Renaissance and the Enlightenment.

The problem of transfer of property to religious organizations arise since the late 1980s against the background of changes in state-confessional relations. These changes affect the interests of other social institutions, including museums. The purpose of this research - to objectively assess existing and possible in future consequences of the transfer of property to religious organizations on the example of cultural heritage of the Primorsky Kray. To achieve this purpose there are analyzed the cases of transfer of «religious» property from 1944 to the present time. The main attention was paid to the two precedents: the transfer in 1990 of the Temple of the Saviour in the Dalnerechensk to Russian Orthodox Church (History Museum of Dalnerechensk from 1970 to 1990); and the transfer in 1997 the Church of St. Paul to Evangelical Lutheran Church in Vladivostok (Museum of the Pacific Navy from 1951 to 1996). The first precedent can be considered as a negative for the development of museums; and the second precedent, on the contrary, allows to see opportunities and analyze the factors to resolve the situation without prejudice for the development of all social institutions: the Museum and the Church.

The article is based on the institutional approach and provides an analysis of political processes in Russian politics. The object of analysis are informal institutions which are viewed as rules and practices established outside the officially sanctioned channels . Different types of informal institutions (including clientelism and political corruption) are reviewed as well as their role in social process. The article emphasize the role of political elites in extension and fixation of informal institutions and practices. It presents a brief analysis of informal institutionalization practices in the political history of Russia and modernity. In the conclusion of the article, risks of further informal institutionalization for the state and society are listed. As an alternative the author presents a concept of “inclusive institutions” which are aimed towards the integration of various interest groups and civil organizations into the political and economical processes.

Today in the economical science there is an increased interest in human capital, its role in the socio-economic development of the society. First of all, a gradual change in fundamental economic principles is observed: there exists a reassessment of importance of various capital types in the economy. Physical capital fades into background, giving way to non-material productive forces, human capital. In this regard, the issue of an objective assessment of this resource for the practice of public service is topical. There is a very extensive set of tools to calculate the cost of human capital production, its residual value, growth potential. However, the developed toolkit practically does not take into account the branch features of the manifestation of human capital. Evaluation of the intellectual component in the commercial environment significantly affects the value of the company’s assets , in the public sector - it allows to determine the priority ways of developing the social and economic sphere, to develop adequate long-term development strategies. This work considers the main methodological approaches to evaluating human capital for various reasons. They are of a general nature, irrespective of the sectoral specialization of workers. The author’s approach to the evaluation of human capital is also presented. We have put into circulation an additional criterion for evaluation - an index for the professional development of civil servants, which is a specific mechanism for assessing human capital. The application of the index considered allows us to evaluate the human capital of the public service from a new angle, taking into account the sectoral affiliation . This problem has no significant scientific developments, and therefore requires further research.

The article examines the diaspora in the system of international relations in the modern world on the example of the Armenian diaspora. The basic conceptual approaches to the definition of the term «diaspora» by well-known domestic and foreign scientists are explored. The key characteristics of classical and modern diasporas are given. The author of the article analyzes the reasons for the resettlement of Armenians from their historical homeland. The main periods of migration of the Armenian people are outlined. The author defines the stages of formation and development of the institutions of ties between Armenia and the Diaspora. The role of the Armenian Diaspora in lobbying the interests of Armenia in the countries of residence (residence/citizenship) is underlined. The research reveals the main directions and tasks of the development of partnership relations between Armenia and the Diaspora. The role of the Diocese of the Armenian Apostolic Church in the life of the Armenian diaspora in the countries of residence (residence/citizenship) is noted.

The article discusses the issues of dynamic changes of system “production -consumption” in developing strategies to ensure organizational and economic security of industrial enterprises it is concluded that the achievement of competitiveness is the theory and practice of ensuring of organizational-economic security of industrial enterprises to a qualitatively new level.