The development of the St. Petersburg agglomeration, like any other Russian and international agglomeration, is not only a spatial, but also a socio-economic process. The genesis of agglomeration is associated with economic and political changes. Spatial change is the consequence of new economic and political challenges. The development of the St. Petersburg agglomeration can and should be considered as a single integrated process, which does not mean denying the advisability of considering agglomeration by sector. This article addresses some issues in the western agglomeration sector.

The article is based on a comparative analysis of the most effective institutionally established models of modern lobbying practices for pursuing interests in the field of maritime activities in the developed countries of Europe and the United States. The study is carried out on several grounds: the Full Time Equivalent (FTE) of a lobbyist, the expected financial investments of organizations in lobbying activities, an assessment of the transparency of the activities of lobbying organizations. Based on the revealed correlation of FTE and expected investments, the analysis of the model’s efficiency is simplified to an estimate of the value of its total FTE of the described models. Particular emphasis is placed on the analysis of lobbying in cooperation with the European Commission. It has been determined that environmental organizations and groups of influence that are not directly related to maritime activities are particularly active in lobbying for maritime activities. When comparing the lobbying infrastructure of Western countries in the context of its effectiveness in defending national interests, there is a significant advantage of the United States over the European Union. Regarding the adoption of Western models of lobbying practices and the spread of institutionalization of lobbying on the territory of the Russian Federation, it is recognized that for Russia, its maritime policy, the most effective American model would be, based on a single legal basis, allowing taxed lobbying agents to act in concert on the domestic and global market in the interests of private companies and the nation state.

Today, management decisions in the field of regional development require the development of new concepts and theories that can explain the nature of the current economic situation. Governments, the scientific community, and even activists are busy with the development of regions and the transformation of their space. If we consider the scientific approach, then we should pay attention to the neoclassical models of territorial development. They have been the basis of economic growth for more than 50 years. Such models assume that not only for states, but also for separate regions, external demand and global competitiveness act as the main driving force of development. The high volatility of the space makes difficulties for countries and regions, which have to take on greater responsibility due to the decrease in the effectiveness of universal solutions to socio-economic problems. The question remains open in which direction to pursue strategic initiatives: to look back at past successful approaches or to form an agenda based on global trends. Both options carry significant risks of social upheaval and a decline in the quality of life of the population, which is unacceptable. This means that the price of taking decisions will only grow. In these conditions, it is necessary to understand the full range of expert assessments proposed to address issues related to the transformation of the socio-economic space of the regions. The purpose of this study is to review the international and Russian experience of regional management of socio-economic space and identify key directions of development.

Target. To identify the main trends and “gaps” in the scientific literature on the topic “Socioeconomic development of the Arctic” for the implementation of empirical research in the future.

 Methods. The methodological basis of the study was a systematic approach, methods of logical, comparative, statistical, general scientific and economic analysis. At the beginning of the study, we analyzed the thematic distribution of scientific publications in areas of socioeconomic activity in the Arctic zone. The selection of material on the Arctic topics was carried out by morphemes from the names and keywords from scientific articles published over the past five years. This sample does not claim to be absolute, but includes the main areas of the Arctic and scientific publications on the socio-economic development of the Arctic, in highly rated publications WoS and Scopus, with the first and second quartiles — Q1 and Q2. The results of the analysis of scientific publications showed that the ecology of the Arctic zone is of greatest interest to scientists: greenhouse gases, melting Arctic ice, microplastics and the concentration of phytoplankton in the Arctic Ocean. These topics are certainly very important, but they are not our field of interest. We were interested in the Arctic from the point of view of management, economics and sociology. These articles are fewer in number, but they are, we have identified the main areas in which our research will be conducted.

Results. Based on the study of scientific publications of foreign and Russian authors, we have identified the main trends for the study:
• The need to ensure the sustainable development and security of the indigenous peoples of the Arctic, the preservation of their traditions, culture, identity as a people, values, customs, beliefs, language.
• The need to develop Arctic tourism as a potential factor in the economic, social and environmental development of the Arctic regions.
• For the effective development of the Arctic territories, it is necessary to develop new technologies, including technologies for the transportation of mineral raw materials, as well as the development of infrastructure in the Arctic zone.
• When managing the Arctic, a flexible approach is needed that takes into account the interests of both the Arctic and non-Arctic states.

Conclusions. The authors express confidence that the results of the study will give impetus to the development of this scientific direction and create the foundation for the formation of a scientific school at the North-West Institute of Management of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration on managing the development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, will allow us to form a competency map for the manager of the development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Note that in 2018, on the basis of the North-West Institute of Management of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, the Center for Arctic Research and Projects was created, the purpose of which is to accumulate the efforts of the Presidential Academy and its divisions in scientific and methodological support for the implementation of socio-economic development projects Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Vladimir Shamakhov, Director of the Institute, Doctor of Economics, Professor, Acting State Councilor of the Russian Federation, 1st class, President of the Association of Polar Explorers of St. Petersburg, headed the Center for Arctic Research. We also note that the North-West Institute of Management has developed and is successfully implementing an additional professional program “Training of management personnel for the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation.” In this regard, conducting fundamental and applied scientific research in the field of socio-economic development of the Arctic is an important strategic task for the Academy.

The study examines the iss ues of assessing the impact of the technology of robotization and automation of business processes on the modern economic system and on enterprises in the field of high information technologies. The hypothesis is put forward, according to which the introduction of RPA technologies can significantly reduce the costs of companies for the organization and implementation of manual labor by delegating such labor to the described technologies. The relevance of the research is due to the growing influence of RPA technologies on the business processes of companies, the structure of their costs and revenues, as well as the outstanding financial results of companies that have implemented business process automation technologies. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness and expediency of the use of robotization of business processes by domestic companies. During the analytical activity, a strong relationship was revealed between the growth of the RPA technology market and the dynamics of the financial assessment of companies related to the field of business process automation. A sociological survey was also conducted, the purpose of which was to find out the level of popularity of RPA among people, their opinions about automation technologies, confidence in such services and the desire to use the technologies under study in their own lives. The research uses general scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, sociological survey, correlation analysis, as well as a systematic approach. As a result of the study, the hypothesis was confirmed, proving that modern companies should implement RPA technologies in order to withstand competition by reducing costs. The sociological survey showed that the vast majority of respondents are familiar with RPA technologies and trust them to a certain extent. A large percentage of respondents stated their readiness to use automation, which gives companies access to new horizons of opportunities due to the likely increase in people’s confidence in automation tools. Recommendations were given to domestic companies on the introduction of robotics into the business structure and the prospects for improving labor productivity at all levels of the company were described. The above measures may also be the result of changes in the company’s recruitment policy and the system of training and introduction of new personnel.

The work is devoted to the actual problem of building the trade profile of the region and studying the sustainability of regional foreign trade relations by analyzing the results of the region’s foreign economic activity. The aim of the work is to develop a method for describing the trade profile of the region based on graph theory, as well as to assess the possibility of interpreting the behavior of the identified groups of goods from the point of view of analyzing the dynamics of import and export volumes. As the main hypothesis, the paper uses the statement that the network model of describing the foreign trade relations of the region should be balanced with respect to the expectations of suppliers and consumers of products, otherwise there is an imbalance that generates changes in the structure of foreign trade relations. A methodology for the study of foreign economic relations and the development of a trade region based on them using network graphs and a cluster approach is proposed, which makes it possible to identify stable groups of goods and, on their basis, assess the main trends in changes and the potential for the development of foreign economic activity in the region. We consider the features of calculating the adjacency matrix for constructing a graph, as well as identifying groups of vertices connected to each other in order to identify complete subgraphs — clicks, which allows us to identify the main time-stable commodity groups on which the foreign economic activity of the region depends. The described methodology should be used to improve the efficiency of building and describing the trade profile of the region in order to manage the development of foreign economic activity in the region, study the properties of product groups and their characteristics.

The Russian authorities have begun to show great interest in their diverse Russian-speaking diaspora in the world and have proposed an official “Russkiy Mir” political strategy integrated into Russian foreign policy and policies towards Russian compatriots. The purpose of the article is to analyze the need of young Russian compatriots abroad in various forms of state and non – state support from Russia based on the questionnaire survey data. The article considers the results of a questionnaire survey of young Russian compatriots living abroad. The survey was conducted in 54 foreign countries. 2042 respondents aged from 14 to 30 years inclusive were interviewed. Most young Russian compatriots have formed a dual identity – Russian and the country of residence. Empirical data describing the need of young compatriots abroad in various forms of state and non-state support are obtained. Most young compatriots did not use measures of state and non-state support, low coverage of young compatriots by the events was established. The potential for consolidation is highlighted - the Russian language, the common historical and cultural heritage of Russia, viewing Russian media and television shows, as well as the development of economic ties.

The authors of the article, based on appealing to the works of home and Western researchers on the problems of studying the psychological foundations of confidence, considering the historical and legal aspects of the interaction and practice of the work of state authorities and public organizations with law enforcement bodies at various stages of national history, propose a concept for analyzing the socio-psychological factors of forming confidence to law activities. The article defines the main directions and technologies of work on the formation of public confidence in the professional activities of employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, staff members and troops of the Federal Service of the National Guard Troops (Rosgvardia) under the condition of the intensification of the negative information and psychological impact of external and internal destructive forces on the personnel of these departments. conclusions are drawn on the need to renew approaches in management activities and increase the effectiveness of conducting activities in this sphere, the fulfillment of it will contribute to support internal political stability in the state, strengthening the rule of law and law and order, security of public safety of citizens.

The article provides an overview of studies devoted to governance in the field of sustainable development of the Arctic regions. The work highlights such general approaches to the analysis of sustainable development as the concept of adaptive governance and resilience theory. Global governance institutions that operate in the Arctic are considered. Particular attention is paid to the Arctic Council and the constraints connected with its work. The article also describes non-state governance in the field of natural resources management and social sphere. Special attention is paid to the marine certification system (MSC), which has become widespread in the Arctic, as well as the benefit sharing arrangements between extractive companies and the Indigenous people of the North. In conclusion, the efficiency of the governance institutions is discussed in the context of achieving sustainable development goals.

The purpose of this review article is to determine approaches to solving existing problems in taking into account the psychological aspects of an organization’s information security in the context of socio-engineering attacks based on the analysis and systematization of sources on this topic.

Methods. To achieve this goal, two complementary directions were chosen. The first direction included the investigation of selected specialized journals. The second direction involved the analysis of the representation of this problem in the Scopus database over the past 20 years.

Results. The analysis of the psychological aspects of the key elements of a socio-engineering attack is carried out: the knowledge and skills of the attacker, organizational conditions, the characteristics of an employee who is part of information systems and the direction of training and prevention. A model of socio-engineering attack considering psychological aspects is proposed.

Conclusions. The study showed that the approaches developed now are sufficient to form the basis for the revision of personnel processes in the organization. The problem of social engineering attacks cannot be solved without the involvement of HR services in terms of changing HR processes, taking into account information security policies. The results of this study will be of interest to specialists in the field of personnel management, personnel training, information security, information technology, artificial intelligence, executives, business owners, heads of state and municipal bodies.

This article examines the consequences of the Civil War, that had an impact on the life and functioning of the political system of Soviet society, as well as modern Russia. In the citizenries mass mind complex and contradictory processes are still going on. It indicates that the social split has not been completely overcome. Despite the large number of works devoted to the issues of the Civil War, it is not paid enough attention to the political, moral and mental consequences of the Civil War. This circumstance significantly hinders the process of national reconciliation on the most important issues of the country’s past and hinders the formation of socio-political unity of Russian society. The authors substantiate the need for a consolidated view of the Russian nation on the events of the Civil War, based on the absolute priority of the self-value of Russian statehood as the main form of survival of the people and the special mission of the unique Russian civilization in a multipolar world. In modern Russian society there is an extremely acute need to form a stable rejection of violent ways to resolve social problems and contradictions, radical methods of transforming various spheres of public life. The creation of an effective state-legal mechanism based on the development of a national consensus may prevent the repetition of such tragedies in the future of our country.

The article examines the circumstances and significance of the canonization of St. Cassian of Uchma in 1629. Based on a wide range of sources (the life of St. Cassian in its various copies and editions, as well as the “books of the foundation” of the Assumption Church of the Cassian Monastery, wills of Russian princes and other documents), analyzed by the classical methods of historical science (retrospective, method of historical periodization, historical-genetic, historical-systemic), it was possible to come to the conclusion that in the information about the life and miracles of St. Cassian, the central government drew important ideas necessary to overcome the crisis of statehood and power generated by the Time of Troubles. For the consolidation of the huge country of the central government, it was extremely important to apply to the images of the righteous defenders who discovered their holiness in the regions. After the end of the intervention, it was no less important to emphasize that Russia, in spite of everything, was an integral part of the common European cultural space. The figure of St. Cassian, a “Greco-Roman” saint by origin, whose appearance in Russia is associated with the arrival of Sophia Palaeologina in Moscow (1472), fully reached these important national goals.

Chinese tourism to Russia showed an overall positive trend right up to the introduction of significant international travel restrictions in 2020. In addition to the regions traditionally popular among Chinese travelers, in recent years such centers have begun to stand out, in which the growth rate of the PRC’s tourist presence in percentage terms is significantly ahead of the all-Russian level. One of these regions is the Murmansk region. Given the fact that China has enough resources and leverage to use international tourism as a tool to achieve foreign policy goals, a substantive consideration of the success of the Murmansk region as a center of attraction for Chinese tourism in the Russian Federation is a prerequisite for understanding the nature of the phenomenon.

The article deals with the problems of integrated development of territories in the context of site planning, urban zoning and methods of disposal of public property: privatization, concession agreements, public-private partnerships. Current legislation, including laws of regions of the Russian Federation, was analyzed in detail and gaps in legislation were found. The paper emphasizes the need for further improvement of legislation and law-enforcement practices. The article also focuses on the withdrawal of land plots and objects located on them for the purposes of integrated development of territories and fixing rent rates. Recommendations are provided with regard to changes in existing legislation.