The issue of economic security becomes increasingly pressing during periods when national socio-economic systems are impacted by various crises. In recent years, as the global political and economic order has transformed and shifted from a unipolar to a multipolar world, turbulence and uncertainty in socio-economic development have intensified. Military-political factors have assumed a more significant role in development. This necessitates research into the contemporary mechanisms by which they influence economic security. Furthermore, since wars and military conflicts involve clashes between states and their coalitions, the impact of military-political factors on national economic security must be examined from a supranational perspective. The purpose of this article is to clarify the specifics of ensuring national economic security in today's context, as the political world order is undergoing a transformation. This article examines the economic security situation resulting from the recent war in the Persian Gulf, which began as a result of the US and Israeli attack on Iran. Based on this case study, it is concluded that it is necessary to strengthen the mechanisms and institutions for supranational regulation of national economic security.

The systematic transition of public administration processes to a fully integrated digital platform that eliminates all forms of bureaucracy has become the foundation for the reform and growth of the Russian agro-industrial complex (AIC). However, the impact of this innovation on the innovation potential and competitiveness of enterprises remains understudied in both theoretical and practical terms. This study addresses this gap through a targeted survey of 30 agricultural operators in the AIC bureaucracy and testing hypotheses regarding the relationship between the use of digital public administration platforms, innovation, and performance. Using a sequential mixed-method research design integrating descriptive statistics and thematic content analysis, this study demonstrates that expert support for digitalization of governance through technology-enabled support programs has had a positive impact on innovation and competitiveness. However, structural barriers, such as high access thresholds to document management systems, digital inequality between regions, and temporary limitations of institutional capital, significantly influence these relationships. This study contributes to the literature on institutional theory, digitalization, innovation systems, and agricultural governance reform. The findings highlight the need for comprehensive and equitable digital administrative reform that goes beyond the simple electronic migration of existing bureaucratic processes. Historically, since the Soviet era, public administration in Russia’s agribusiness was centralized following the rapid privatization of the 1990s and transitioned to a modern platform-based governance model, providing context for understanding the achievements and limitations of contemporary digitalization strategies. The digitalization of agricultural governance in Russia is characterized by state-led modernization, geopolitically driven import substitution, and a pressing need to protect the sovereignty of digital infrastructure. It offers valuable lessons for developing countries undergoing similar transformations.

The article examines the transformation of methodological approaches to the model of state management of anti-terrorist security of social facilities in the context of the implementation of hybrid threats to the national security of the Russian Federation. The relevance of the study is due to the need to increase the level of anti-terrorist protection of social facilities, taking into account the limited capabilities of the existing management model. The aim is to identify deterministic criteria for the optimality of the public administration system for the anti–terrorist protection of social facilities and to develop methodological approaches to optimizing the existing management model. The research uses methods of systemic, structural-functional and process approaches, conceptual modeling, comparative and legal analysis. Heuristic methods were the main tool for multi-criteria optimization of the management model, ensuring overcoming the limitations caused by the uncertainty of the initial data and the dynamics of external conditions. As a result, the direct dependence of the established criteria for optimal public management of anti‑terrorist security of social facilities on the quality of information support was revealed and a process-functional management model was developed that improves the quality of information flows through invariant information structures and digital assets, taking into account the specifics of hybrid threats.

Based on the results obtained, the hypothesis is confirmed that the convergence of proven methodologies of functional and process approaches with special digital data management technologies can significantly improve manageability in this area.

Goal. The study aims to comprehensively analyze the goals, objectives, and risks of integrating a project-oriented approach and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into the public administration system of the Russian Federation. In the context of the transition to a data-driven public administration model and the implementation of large-scale national projects, there is a need to transform traditional bureaucratic procedures into flexible, adaptive mechanisms.

Methods. The methodological basis of the work was a systematic approach, which allowed considering the integration of AI and project management as a single evolutionary process. A content analysis of strategic documents of the Russian Federation (including the updated National Strategy for the Development of AI until 2030) and EU regulations was carried out. The method of comparative analysis was used to compare domestic and foreign practices of implementing intelligent decision support systems in the public sector.

Results. The study identified and systematized key areas of project management transformation: automation of routine operations, predictive risk analytics, and intelligent decision support. An author's definition of "intelligent project management in the public sector" is proposed, along with a system of performance indicators. Based on empirical data, the effectiveness of AI integration in public administration is confirmed. A classification of risks has been developed, including technological, legal, ethical, and personnel aspects.

Conclusions. It is concluded that the successful integration of AI into project management is possible only with the creation of a specialized regulatory environment that enshrines the "human-in-the-loop" principle. The integration of AI is shown to have systemic advantages over alternative approaches. A set of measures to minimize risks is proposed, including the development of national data infrastructure, the introduction of Explainable Artificial Intelligence standards, and the implementation of digital literacy programs for civil servants.

The relevance of the study stems from several key aspects that highlight the importance of universities developing digital products in the context of providing the national economy with highly qualified personnel with digital competencies. First and foremost, this is the development of the “Digital University” model, which envisions the digital transformation of universities, including the implementation of online services, the use of AR (augmented reality) and VR (virtual reality), virtual simulators, and the creation of individual educational pathways using AI. It is also important to note the updating of educational programs with the introduction of digital components into training and retraining programs, the development of massive online courses, the creation of digital teaching and methodological complexes, simulators and training equipment, and the formation of personal development trajectories. The purpose of the study is to examine the capabilities of a modern university to address a range of strategic challenges in training personnel for the digital economy and to develop recommendations for creating a digital product. The objectives of the study were to identify applicants' preferences when choosing a university and to identify the advantages of universities in terms of ensuring the quality of training expected by students; to substantiate the need and feasibility of creating an original digital product — an online laboratory working with Moscow Exchange PJSC's information resources — that would enable the development of relevant competencies in financial, credit, and investment analytics. Results: Focusing applicants on employers requires strengthening the inclusion of career-related information on the university's website and in its work. These recommendations include: creating and actively promoting a list of partner companies with job openings and internships; introducing mandatory business projects into curricula; annually publishing graduate employment information (including the place of employment); and displaying information on the university website about the percentage of students who received offers before graduation. The university's creation of a unique digital product in the form of an online lab will help attract applicants. This product fosters relevant analytical competencies, which not only improves the quality of education but also makes the training system for the digital economy more flexible, tailored to its needs, and contributes to its development.

TIntroduction. The development of an international division of labor (IDL), which supports complementarity and convergence between different countries is one of the key prerequisite for increasing resilience of the global economy.

The purpose of this article is to explain why the destruction of the basic principles of the international division of labor enforce the world economic problems.

Methodology. The author presents the original research methodology for studying international trade relations and explains why “national comparative advantage” is fundamental for the harmonization of international economic relations. Method of analysis: a historical and logical, scientific one abstraction, system support, induction and deduction.

Results. The depth of technological processing is a key factor in the further development of IDL and, on this basis, in strengthening the centripetal movement between countries and regions. The article presents a critical analysis of the “old international division of labor” and the “new international division of labor” theories. The article also analysis the IDL, configurated by industries and by space, explaining the contradictions between them that threaten national economic sovereignty and enforces trade contradictions between the different countries. The article presents symptoms indicating a destruction of the principles of IDL, explains the increasing role of the spatial IDL.

Conclusion. The principles of the international complementarity and convergence are better realized in a case of spatial international division of labor, which, in turn, represents the main condition for the sustainable growth of the world economy.

Innovations in the modern world are the main driver of economic development. Digital innovations are the most significant, being cross-cutting in nature and therefore having the most significant impact on economic growth. This study identifies patterns in the development of digital innovations in the economy using quantitative analytical methods. The structural characteristics of innovation activity, the degree of diffusion of digital technologies, and the effectiveness of their implementation are considered. The aim of this article is to identify patterns in the development of digital innovations in the Russian economy using quantitative assessment methods, including constructing an integral index and analyzing the structural characteristics of innovative digital activity. The article proposes an integral index of digital innovations based on the normalization of statistical indicators and weighted aggregation. An analysis of this indicator's dynamics for 2020–2024 is conducted, revealing imbalances in sectoral development and institutional limitations. The need for a transition to more complex models for assessing the effectiveness of digital transformations is substantiated, as calculations using the author's digital innovation effectiveness indicator indicate declining returns.

Russia faces the strategic task of easing numerous restrictions on its interactions with foreign partners caused by sanctions imposed by the US, EU, and several other countries. To address this challenge, a legal framework is being developed to reorient transport and logistics projects toward the South and East. The Arctic zone as a whole and the Trans-Arctic Transport Corridor (TTC) are becoming a key element in building Russia's new transport architecture. It is designed to provide Russia with access to the open ocean and strengthen the development of Russia's entire Arctic belt, linking not only the territories of the west and east, but also the north and south of Russia itself. Discussions on the development of the TTC are being organized by Russian enterprises and officials with partners within various international organizations, including representatives of the Eurasian Economic Commission under the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). However, most of Russia's partners in the EAEU currently show no interest in TTC development projects.

The purpose of this study is to determine the forms and nature of Russia's interaction with EAEU countries in implementing projects around the TTC in order to identify prospects for cooperation. This answer is important for understanding the extent to which the Arctic agenda can play a driving role in the EAEU's various strategies, especially since China and several other Asian countries cooperating with the Eurasian Economic Commission (EEC) have consistently shown interest in the Northern Sea Route (NSR), which is part of the TTC. The study's original nature stems from its unique approach, which aligns legal aspects with specific examples of cooperation and Arctic-related materials from leading EAEU media outlets. The novelty lies in updating the data on the presented scientific problem, and its practical value lies in a clear understanding of the interests and principles of cooperation among Russia's partners in the EAEU on Arctic issues at present. This study complements the existing data on the development of Russia's Arctic strategy and on potential partners in this area. The study consists of several interconnected sections, allowing for a comprehensive answer to the question posed: the emergence and evolution of the TTC concept within the overall Arctic agenda; the Eurasian Economic Commission's approaches to the TTC; cooperation between EAEU countries and Russian Arctic entities in specific areas; and media coverage from Russia's partner countries within the EAEU. This study complements the existing data on the development of Russia's Arctic strategy and potential partners in this area.

Digitalization, aimed at improving the quality of education, is driving a growing need to integrate artificial intelligence (AI) into university teaching. The use of neural networks and chatbots in the educational process by both faculty and students is showing positive trends, reflected in the growing number of publications in the subject area related to the application of AI in education. The AI development strategy outlined in the Presidential Decree identifies it as one of the most important technologies that can improve the quality of education and enhance the quality of life of the population. Furthermore, AI technologies in education are defined by a number of Russian standards. The aim of this study is to determine the attitudes toward AI among undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral students in one of the university's departments. The predominant research methods include content analysis of secondary data, including scientific publications and regulatory documents, the collection and processing of primary information collected through expert assessments, and observational and graphical modeling methods. The study's results suggest that the use of AI in education is becoming a public policy and offers new opportunities to improve the quality of education for both students and teachers. AI is becoming a daily feature of the educational process, which is welcomed by students. Students primarily use AI to assist with search and translation activities, as well as to assist with text writing. Conclusions: Students and teachers lack the competencies necessary to effectively interact with AI, making it crucial to incorporate AI elements into the educational process to improve the quality of education.

The relevance of this study lies in the development of scientifically grounded understanding of the nature and preconditions of a new stage of competition between global and regional powers in the context of the multipolarity and globalization of the modern planet. One manifestation of the escalation of international relations is the emerging attempts to incorporate the traditions of imperialist policy into the strategies of leading actors in the global political process. At the same time, contemporary neo-imperial discourse possesses unique characteristics that are not fully considered in political science.

The purpose of this article is to provide a political analysis of the restoration of imperial foreign policy by leading actors in international relations and to identify the consequences of its implementation for the state of a unified security space in a multipolar world.

Materials and Methods. The study utilizes comparative and historical scientific methods. The comparative method was applied to compare various types of neo-imperial projects and the instruments for their implementation. Using the historical method, the stages of the advancement of imperial expansionism models in the history of world politics and in the current stage of political development were determined.

Results. This article systematizes the key factors shaping and implementing neo-imperial tendencies at the regional and global levels of international relations. It summarizes scholarly concepts in classifying contemporary forms and channels of military-political expansionism in the context of post-bipolarity. The article examines the transformation of methods for achieving geostrategic dominance among key actors in global politics and the reasons for the emergence of new types of neo-imperial expansion in the 21st century. The prerequisites for the further evolution of global and regional powers' policies to achieve superiority in global competition are substantiated.

Conclusions. The consequences of globalization processes are identified as the primary reason for the emergence of contemporary neo-imperial projects for ensuring global and continental hegemony. A link is demonstrated between the erosion of the national statehood model and attempts to restore its international legitimacy by appealing to the powerful foreign policy traditions of the imperial period. The priority factor in advancing contemporary neo-imperial projects is the need to counter challenges to the interests of traditionalist politicians posed by transnational and supranational actors in the era of globalization. The replacement of indirect, hybrid models with overt manifestations of neo-imperial expansionism is argued to be one of the leading trends in geopolitical confrontation in the 21st century.

The formation of identity among modern youth in urban spaces is a dynamic process of socialization, involving constant sensory interaction with the urban environment. Contemporary urban sociology is dominated by a primarily visual approach, ignoring complex sensory experiences. There is a systemic gap in understanding how sensory actors (sounds, smells, visual and tactile stimuli) function as active elements of the socialization network.

The study's methodological framework is a synthesis of actor-network theory (ANT) for analyzing these relationships and experience economy theory for assessing the value of sensory experiences. The aim of this article is to identify and systematize key sensory actors, analyze the mechanisms of their interactions, and determine correlations between sensory stimuli and the emotional and behavioral responses of young people.

The study is based on sensory survey and mapping methods. The sample consisted of 200 respondents in St. Petersburg aged 18 to 25, 60% of whom were university students and 40% were beginning professionals. Data collection and analysis were performed using Python for statistical processing and Gephi for network visualization.

The results show that key factors include natural landscapes (75% of respondents cited them as the main factor in positive perceptions), architectural aesthetics (68%), and the sound environment. A strong correlation (r = 0.65, p < 0.05) was found between background noise levels and young people's desire to visit certain public spaces. Based on these data, a model of youth sensory socialization was developed.

The practical significance of the study lies in the development of specific recommendations for city authorities and planners: the creation of “sensory zones” in urban spaces (quiet areas near parks, acoustic installations in courtyards) and the integration of natural and aesthetically significant objects into residential areas to improve the well-being and social integration of young city residents.

Artificial intelligence technologies are increasingly being used to automate administrative processes, process big data, predict socio-economic indicators, and support managerial decision-making in the public administration system. However, with the new opportunities of these technologies, their use in public administration is associated with a number of sociohumanitarian threats in ensuring the rights of citizens and the security of the state, including: blurred responsibilities, lack of transparency in decision-making, data/sampling bias, etc. In addition, given the uniqueness of AI technologies, characterized by imitation of human cognitive functions, their use in public administration leads to a transformation of the model of state-citizen interaction, in which technology becomes the subject of communication on behalf of the state. In this regard, not only the lack of a unified system of ethical regulation of the introduction of AI technologies into the public sphere is particularly acute, but also the ongoing discussion about the very possibility of developing ethical recommendations for public authorities. Considering the institutionalized specifics of the state in ensuring the vital activity of society and the importance of trust in the power of citizens for its effective functioning, the attitude of citizens to the use of AI technologies in the context of ethical regulation is of interest. This is precisely what determines the purpose of the article, which is to characterize the opinion of residents of St. Petersburg on this issue, as one of the leading megacities of the Russian Federation with a high level of digitalization and developed infrastructure, demonstrating the active integration of AI solutions into the provision of public services and administration.

Recently, the chemical industry has been facing a severe shortage of personnel due to its high technological complexity and long training periods. The implementation of innovations to compensate for the lack of personnel often faces resistance from workers, the social nature of which remains poorly understood. The aim is to identify the social barriers to the implementation of organizational innovations in the chemical industry, propose a typology of these barriers based on the professional differentiation of personnel, and provide practical mechanisms for overcoming them.

The empirical basis included a questionnaire survey of employees of JSC «Chemist» (N = 107, 65 % of the total headcount), seven focus groups (37 participants), and 20 expert interviews (2023–2025). The sample represents production workers, engineering and technical personnel, and administrative staff.

Key social barriers are identified: fear of job cuts, distrust of digital technologies, lack of training, and communication gaps. A typology of barriers is proposed: existential, instrumental, and communication barriers. At a chemical plant, fear of innovation is compounded by high safety requirements and the high cost of production errors. 61% of employees are ready for innovations given training, employment guarantees, and transparent communication. A threeloop model for overcoming social barriers (diagnostic, compensatory, and adaptive loops) is developed.

The main research direction is to test the proposed model on an expanded sample of chemical industry enterprises.

The article is devoted to the bilateral relations between Russia and Ghana at the present stage in their military and economic aspects.

The purpose of the research is the analysis of military and economic cooperation between Russia and Ghana at the present stage.

The methodological basis of the research includes a set of the following general scientific methods. The research was based on the case-study method with the help of which on the example of Russian-Ghanaian relations the author attempts to identify common and special features of Russia's interaction with African countries. Special attention is also paid to the role of Africa in the political discourse of the Russian Federation, in particular, in the country's foreign policy doctrines (Concepts of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation), discourse analysis is used in the article for this purpose. Then, the author outlines the current areas of cooperation between Russia and Ghana in the field of security and key indicators and areas of trade and economic relations between Russia and Ghana based on statistical analysis.

The results of the research show that cooperation between Russia and Ghana in the field of security remains limited and carried out mainly in the form of military-technical exchange and personnel training. In the economic sphere cooperation is seen to be sustainable in such traditional industries as energy, oil and gas industry, the supply of fertilizers, as well as the export of agricultural products. Nevertheless, there is great potential for increasing trade volumes and expanding areas of cooperation, including the spheres of infrastructure, mining, digital technologies and food security.

In conclusion, the author emphasizes that Russian-Ghanaian relations have significant untapped potential as well as a range of limits, and offers recommendations for their deepening in the fields of security and economics.