EDITOR'S COLUMN
STATE AND MUNICIPAL SERVICE
It is pointless to begin the search for an answer to the question about the reasons for the collapse of the Soviet Union by analyzing the events of the eighties of the last century, moreover, considering the Soviet form of organization of the state and society. It is necessary to remember what the creators of the Soviet model relied on practices tested in the Russian Empire.
POLICY AND CONSTITUTIONAL STATE
Aims: to determine the General and special characteristics of official documents in the fields of state cultural policy, state youth policy and state national policy of the Russian Federation in terms of their interaction in terms of positions relevant to the perspective of nation-building.
Methods: informal content analysis of documents, formal legal method, methods of comparative and system analysis, content analysis of the content of Internet resources, contextual analysis of political discourse.
Results and discussion: the specifics of regulatory regulation of these areas are analyzed, the degree of their legislative institutionalization is revealed, and vulnerabilities that prevent greater correlation are shown. The content of the official websites of Federal government bodies and their structural divisions responsible for the formation and implementation of state cultural, youth and national policies and Advisory bodies under them is studied, taking into account the coverage of planned and ongoing events and initiatives. The provisions that emphasize the issues of present and future States in certain spheres that are fundamental for official and theoretical discourse in the context of nation-building trends are outlined.
Conclusion: the existing documents and mechanisms provided for by them ensure a fairly high degree of integration of various spheres of state policy of the Russian Federation. At the same time, they need to achieve a better balance of the main goals, tasks, and implementation mechanisms. Some forward-looking estimates for these areas in the medium term are justified, allowing for the probability of individual adjustments, including in the legislative sphere. At the same time, we recommend measures to improve management practices based on transformed paradigm approaches, primarily to the sphere of culture. The author argues for linking the proposed amendments within the framework of the constitutional reform with the guidelines of nation-building and priorities fixed in the spheres of state policy.
Comprehensive processes of digital change in socio-economic reality actualized and concentrated the attention of decision makers and scientists on the adaptation of administrative systems to new challenges. The state program “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation” contains a number of design areas for the digital transformation of the Russian public administration system. The system of election commissions of Russia was actively included in this program and formed a set of project initiatives that are designed to significantly change the appearance and content of the entire electoral system and the electoral process. It is obvious that the rapid nature of the ongoing external (global) and internal changes and challenges required flexible response methods. The project management methodology, according to the authors, is adequate to modern reality and is optimal when implementing initiatives aimed at information development. In the article, the authors examine in detail digital projects and digital services of the Russian electoral system, as well as form a series of proposals aimed at further improving project initiatives. The authors believe that from a scientific and applied point of view, the stake on the project approach in the implementation of digital projects is justified, especially in the context of a constant change in the strategic priorities of socio-economic development.
POWER AND ECONOMICS
Increase of the Earth’s average surface temperature observed in the last century has affected almost all countries of the world. No state has managed to escape the effects of global warming, and scientists predict that no country will escape a further increase in temperature. However, the highest temperature increases are expected in countries with relatively colder climates. The contribution of low-income developing countries, typically located in some of the hottest geographic areas of the planet, to atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations is negligible, both in absolute and per capita terms. This article provides a meta-analysis of quantitative estimates of the damage caused by global climate change occurring on the planet since the last century. A rise in temperature has been shown to decrease per capita production in countries with relatively high average annual temperatures, which include most low-income countries. In these countries, the negative effect has long-term nature and operates through several channels, including decrease in agricultural production and labor productivity in sectors more exposed to weather; reduction in capital accumulation and deterioration of human health. Moreover, as evidence shows, in recent years macroeconomic indicators have not become less sensitive to temperature shocks, which points at significant limitations on countries’ adaptation to climate change. Meta-analysis of climate change damage estimates documented in relevant literature will, first, provide an idea of the scale of such estimates and help to assess the current state of knowledge in this area. In addition, a meta-analysis will demonstrate sensitivity of the results of calculations regarding assessment approach, measurement errors or insufficient data, choice of sample, etc. Finally, systematization of climate damage quantitative estimates is highly likely to be of practical importance for authorities and international organizations responsible for developing measures to deal with climate change and mitigate its effects, especially for developing and poor countries, most affected by the negative effects of global warming.
SOCIETY AND REFORMS
The forced work of Russian universities remotely in the context of the pandemic (COVID-19) has generated a lot of discussion about the benefits of the new form of education. The first results were summed up and reports were presented, the materials of which showed that the main goal of online education — the prevention of the spread of infection, - has been achieved. Against this background, proposals and publications have appeared substantiating the effectiveness of the massive introduction of distance learning in Russia, including in higher education. However, the assessment of such training by the population and students in publications and in social networks was predominantly negative and showed that the number of emerging problems exceeds the possible benefits of the new educational technology. Based on the analysis of the materials of publications and personal experience of teaching online, the potential benefits and problems of distance learning in higher education in Russia are considered. It is proposed to consider the effects separately for the suppliers of new technology (government, universities) and consumers (students, teachers, society). It is substantiated that the massive introduction of online education allows not only to reduce the negative consequences of epidemics, but also to reduce budgetary funding for universities, optimize the age composition of teachers, and reduce the cost of maintaining educational buildings. However, there will be a leveling / averaging of the quality of education, and responsibility for the quality of training will shift from the state/universities to students. The critical shortcomings of online education are the low degree of readiness of the digital infrastructure, the lack of a mechanism for identifying and monitoring the work of students, information security problems, and the lack of trust in such training of the population. The massive use of online education creates a number of risks for the country, the most critical of which is the destruction of the higher education system and a drop in the effectiveness of personnel training. The consequences of this risk realization are not compensated by any possible budget savings.
The use of the cryptocurrency share indicator in the total money supply as a tool for measuring public confidence in authority, allowing you to conduct an objective analysis using economic, financial indicators in order to give them a sociological assessment and develop recommendations for creating confidence management technologies. Cryptocurrency properties as antifiduciary money are considered. It is proved why an increase in the share of cryptocurrency in the money supply can be considered as a sign of a decrease in public confidence in the state. The prospects of statistics that allow tracking the dynamics of the cryptocurrency share in the money supply are analyzed. The advantages of the proposed confidence measurement tool compared to sociological survey, sociological experiment and introduction of indirect institutional indicators are demonstrated. Properties of Cryptocurrency as Antifiduciary Money as a Tool for Measuring Public Confidence in Power
The characteristics of the creation of the National Security Strategy of Russian Federation during the first decade after the USSR collapse are considered in the article. The dynamics of its changes under the influence of internal and external factors are also analysed. Russia’s transition from a policy of solidarity with the West to defending national interests is explained in the paper.
The article is devoted to the analysis of a very relevant topic at present: the process of transferring employees (employees) of an organization (company, firm, Department etc.) to a remote (remote) mode of operation, and thus creating a so-called virtual office. For the most part, the translation algorithm and organizational and technical support of the virtual office creation process are typical (universal). However, there is certain specificity in the organization and implementation of this process in relation to engineering organizations and high-tech industrial enterprises, due to the peculiarities of their activities in modern conditions of diversification of industrial production at the enterprises of the defense-industrial complex.
The article proposes the formulation of the problem of the correlation of the level and direction of education with emotional intelligence and leadership potential. Leadership is seen as the ability to influence individuals and groups to achieve company’s goals, based on emotional intelligence. The conceptual basis of the study of emotional leadership is proposed as the basis for the success of an organization at all levels and the need for leadership development. The basic approaches for understanding emotional intelligence and its basic models are given. The author describes the relevance of the research topic for the modern world. The results of an empirical study are presented, during which interconnections of three main components were established: emotional intelligence, educational level and leadership potential. The necessity of modern educational programs of managerial education for managers is substantiated. The prospect of further research on the problem of the development of emotional leadership is determined.
The article discusses the prospects of the remote format for assessing competencies through a comparative analysis with the development of classical chess, concludes that it is necessary to rethink the role and place of online testing.
The relevance of any material offered to the scientific and expert community depends on many factors. Objectively, the presence of this or that issue in the center of public attention has a positive effect on the actualization of this or that article. However, there is an obvious danger. Academic approaches that accidentally find themselves in resonance with global trends can fall victim to political conjuncture. Relevance in this case can fall victim to the political moment. Moreover, this or that topic, being in the center of public discussion, negatively affects the academic understanding of the problem. All this fully relates to the question of the relationship between the state and the church in modern Europe and Russia.
A few words about global trends. Their essence boils down to the growing confrontation between supporters of new ideological approaches and traditionalists, among whom are many adherents.
The relationship between religion and the state testifies to the fact that states and societies have not yet learned to draw an effective line between their interests and those of adherents. This fact presupposes careful state and public participation in the affairs of the church. However, acknowledging this circumstance is not enough. The state must clearly know what, where and how is happening in the church sphere of the life of society in cases where church affairs can affect public and state security.
It is also known that almost all the leading churches, to a greater or lesser extent, provide official reporting to the state. However, working with this reporting, its scientific analysis is not always representative.
Objective. The presented article is aimed at a partial solution of the problem of increasing the effectiveness of academic research of the church` activities. Moreover, it is made based on official church statistics.
The author’s position is the following. States and societies have no right to let go of this vital sphere of life. The functions of the state, in this case, are at least controlling. The ineffective execution of its functions by the state can be revealed in many countries of the world. The situation in France is nothing more than a reference case of a problem that, to one degree or another, exists in most of the countries of the world, which are distinguished by ethnic and confessional heterogeneity.
HISTORY AND CULTURE
The Features of state management of secondary schools during the great Patriotic war were determined by the focus on solving two major problems: the preservation of the school system and its reconstruction in accordance with the requirements of wartime, and the continuation of work on the formation of the school model. The main source for studying the directions, forms and methods of the state’s school policy is the directives and resolutions of the party and government, resolutions, orders, instructions, resolutions, etc. Of the people’s Commissariat of the RSFSR lamp led lighting, performances by the people’s Commissar of education of RSFSR V. P. Potemkin.
SCIENTIFIC LIFE
ISSN 1816-8590 (Online)